Patients with immune mediated inflammatory diseases are insufficiently protected against vaccine-preventable infections.

IF 5.4 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1007/s15010-024-02373-z

Natasja van de Pol, C Janneke van der Woude, Marijn Vis, Martijn B A van Doorn, Saskia L Schrauwen, Fatos Cetinözman-Teunissen, Rachel L West, Annemarie C de Vries

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Abstract

Background: Patients with Immune Mediated Inflammatory Diseases (IMIDs) using immunosuppressive therapy are at increased risk of infections, including vaccine-preventable infections. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether patients with IMIDs on systemic immunosuppressive therapy are vaccinated according to current guidelines.

Methods: A survey was sent out, between August 2022 and March 2023, to all patients with IMIDs that visited the departments of dermatology, rheumatology and gastroenterology at an academic and regional hospital in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Patient-reported vaccination status was compared to the Dutch guidelines on vaccinations in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases.

Results: A total of 1,905/5,987 patients responded to the survey (response rate 32%). After exclusion of patients without systemic immunosuppressive medication, the study population comprised 1,390 patients, median age 56 years (IQR 42-66) and 41% male. Most patients (92%) had been vaccinated according to the Dutch National Immunization Program. Before starting immunosuppressive therapy, 2% of the patients who were still considered at risk according to the Dutch guideline were vaccinated for measles, and 4% for diphtheria/tetanus/polio (DT-IPV). Additionally, 62% of patients received an annual influenza vaccine, 16% received a five-yearly pneumococcal vaccine, and 91% were fully vaccinated against COVID-19.

Conclusion: Patients with IMIDs on immunosuppressive therapy are not vaccinated in accordance with the guidelines. Implementation strategies to improve the vaccination rates for patients with IMIDs should specifically focus on vaccinating against measles and diphtheria/tetanus/polio, and periodic vaccination against pneumococcal and influenza infections.

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免疫介导的炎症性疾病患者对疫苗可预防的感染的保护不足。

背景：使用免疫抑制剂治疗的免疫介导炎症性疾病（IMIDs）患者感染风险增加，包括疫苗可预防的感染。在这项研究中，我们旨在评估接受全身免疫抑制治疗的免疫介导性炎症疾病患者是否按照现行指南接种疫苗：方法：在 2022 年 8 月至 2023 年 3 月期间，我们向在荷兰鹿特丹一家学术性地区医院皮肤科、风湿病科和消化科就诊的所有 IMIDs 患者发出了一份调查问卷。患者报告的疫苗接种情况与荷兰慢性炎症患者疫苗接种指南进行了比较：共有 1,905/5,987 名患者回复了调查（回复率为 32%）。在排除未接受全身免疫抑制药物治疗的患者后，研究对象包括 1390 名患者，中位年龄为 56 岁（IQR 42-66），男性占 41%。大多数患者（92%）已按照荷兰国家免疫计划接种疫苗。在开始免疫抑制治疗前，根据荷兰指南，2%仍被认为有风险的患者接种了麻疹疫苗，4%接种了白喉/破伤风/脊髓灰质炎疫苗（DT-IPV）。此外，62%的患者每年接种一次流感疫苗，16%的患者每五年接种一次肺炎球菌疫苗，91%的患者接种了COVID-19疫苗：结论：接受免疫抑制治疗的 IMID 患者没有按照指南接种疫苗。提高 IMIDs 患者疫苗接种率的实施策略应特别关注接种麻疹和白喉/破伤风/脊髓灰质炎疫苗，以及定期接种肺炎球菌和流感疫苗。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Infection 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

12.50

自引率

1.30%

发文量

224

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Infection is a journal dedicated to serving as a global forum for the presentation and discussion of clinically relevant information on infectious diseases. Its primary goal is to engage readers and contributors from various regions around the world in the exchange of knowledge about the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases, both in outpatient and inpatient settings. The journal covers a wide range of topics, including: Etiology: The study of the causes of infectious diseases. Pathogenesis: The process by which an infectious agent causes disease. Diagnosis: The methods and techniques used to identify infectious diseases. Treatment: The medical interventions and strategies employed to treat infectious diseases. Public Health: Issues of local, regional, or international significance related to infectious diseases, including prevention, control, and management strategies. Hospital Epidemiology: The study of the spread of infectious diseases within healthcare settings and the measures to prevent nosocomial infections. In addition to these, Infection also includes a specialized "Images" section, which focuses on high-quality visual content, such as images, photographs, and microscopic slides, accompanied by brief abstracts. This section is designed to highlight the clinical and diagnostic value of visual aids in the field of infectious diseases, as many conditions present with characteristic clinical signs that can be diagnosed through inspection, and imaging and microscopy are crucial for accurate diagnosis. The journal's comprehensive approach ensures that it remains a valuable resource for healthcare professionals and researchers in the field of infectious diseases.