Public Willingness to Mask and Vaccinate in the Future: Results From a 2023 Nationally Representative Survey of US Adults.

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Gillian K SteelFisher, Mary G Findling, Hannah L Caporello, Rebekah I Stein, Keri M Lubell, Allison M Fisher, Lindsay A Lane, Alyssa Boyea, Laura Espino, Jazmyne Sutton
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Abstract

The enduring spread of COVID-19 and other respiratory viruses highlights a need for greater focus on long-term public willingness to perform protective behaviors. Although COVID-19 is no longer considered a public health emergency of international concern, it is unknown whether people in the United States plan to continue protective behaviors to protect themselves and others against infection. To inform planning and communications, we used a nationally representative survey of 1,936 US adults to examine attitudes and intentions toward future vaccination and mask-wearing. A majority believed COVID-19 vaccines were safe (73%) and effective in protecting against serious illness (72%). One-third (33%) had strong intentions to get an updated COVID-19 vaccine most years in the future. Among those with weaker intentions (n=1,287), many cited concerns about safety (71%) and efficacy (64%), lack of trust in institutions (64%), or beliefs that prior vaccination or infection protected them (62%). Approximately two-thirds (69%) of respondents believed masks were effective in protecting the wearer from getting COVID-19, and a majority appeared moderately receptive to future public mask-wearing, particularly when there was proximate risk of infection from COVID-19 (67%) or other respiratory viruses (59%). Men, non-Hispanic White adults, younger adults, rural residents, and adults with higher incomes, without college degrees, and without serious medical conditions or physical limitations were more likely to indicate resistance toward future COVID-19 vaccination and/or mask-wearing. Findings support tailored messaging to address concerns and opportunities among different populations, as well as support for communications programs and community engagement to motivate future uptake.

未来公众对掩蔽和接种疫苗的意愿:2023 年美国成年人全国代表性调查的结果。
COVID-19 和其他呼吸道病毒的持续传播突出表明,有必要更加关注公众是否愿意长期采取保护行为。尽管 COVID-19 已不再被认为是国际关注的公共卫生紧急事件,但美国人是否计划继续采取保护行为来保护自己和他人免受感染仍是未知数。为了给规划和沟通提供信息,我们对 1936 名美国成年人进行了一次全国代表性调查,以了解他们对未来接种疫苗和佩戴口罩的态度和意愿。大多数人认为 COVID-19 疫苗是安全的(73%),并能有效预防严重疾病(72%)。三分之一(33%)的人有强烈意愿在未来大多数年份接种最新的 COVID-19 疫苗。在意愿较弱的人群(n=1,287)中,许多人表示担心安全性(71%)和有效性(64%),对机构缺乏信任(64%),或认为以前接种或感染过疫苗可以保护自己(62%)。约有三分之二(69%)的受访者认为口罩能有效保护佩戴者免受 COVID-19 感染,大多数受访者似乎对未来在公共场合佩戴口罩持适度接受态度,尤其是在有可能感染 COVID-19 (67%)或其他呼吸道病毒(59%)的情况下。男性、非西班牙裔白人成年人、年轻成年人、农村居民以及收入较高、无大学学历、无严重疾病或身体受限的成年人更有可能表示抵制未来接种 COVID-19 疫苗和/或佩戴口罩。研究结果支持针对不同人群的关注点和机会量身定制信息,并支持传播计划和社区参与,以促进未来的接种率。
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来源期刊
Health Security
Health Security PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
6.10%
发文量
70
期刊介绍: Health Security is a peer-reviewed journal providing research and essential guidance for the protection of people’s health before and after epidemics or disasters and for ensuring that communities are resilient to major challenges. The Journal explores the issues posed by disease outbreaks and epidemics; natural disasters; biological, chemical, and nuclear accidents or deliberate threats; foodborne outbreaks; and other health emergencies. It offers important insight into how to develop the systems needed to meet these challenges. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, Health Security covers research, innovations, methods, challenges, and ethical and legal dilemmas facing scientific, military, and health organizations. The Journal is a key resource for practitioners in these fields, policymakers, scientific experts, and government officials.
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