Theory of Mind Abilities May Predict Treatment Outcomes in Adolescents With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Follow-Up Study

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Early Intervention in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI:10.1111/eip.13608

Tayfun Kara, Pınar Aydoğan Avşar, Tacettin Kuru, Orhan Kocaman

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Abstract

Aims

Researchers report varying levels of cognitive flexibility and theory of mind (ToM) deficiencies in adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This research set out to investigate the impact of these variables on the disorder's outcomes.

Method

The study involved 39 adolescents with OCD and 40 healthy controls. We assessed the case group at the initial visit to the outpatient clinic and again at the end of the first year of treatment. The Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) was applied to assess OCD symptom distribution and severity. The Reading the Mind in the Eyes of Children Test (RME-CT) was applied to evaluate ToM skills, and the Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS) was employed to evaluate cognitive flexibility levels.

Results

Baseline RME-CT and CFS scores were significantly lower in adolescents with OCD compared to the control group (p = 0.002 p = 0.001, respectively). At the end of the 1-year follow-up, RME-CT and CFS scores increased significantly in the adolescents with OCD (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, respectively). A significant negative correlation was observed between the initial RME-CT scores and the Y-BOCS scores at the end of the 1-year follow-up (p < 0.001). The initial RME-CT score had a significant negative predictive effect on the subsequent severity of OCD (β = −0.711, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The research revealed poorer long-term prognoses for OCD in adolescents who exhibit low ToM skills. In conclusion, the results indicate that ToM skills may serve as a predictive factor for long-term treatment outcomes among adolescents diagnosed with OCD.

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心智理论能力可预测强迫症青少年的治疗结果：随访研究

目的：研究人员发现，患有强迫症（OCD）的青少年在认知灵活性和心智理论（ToM）方面存在不同程度的缺陷。本研究旨在调查这些变量对强迫症结果的影响：研究涉及 39 名患有强迫症的青少年和 40 名健康对照者。我们在门诊初诊时对病例组进行了评估，并在治疗第一年结束时再次进行了评估。我们采用儿童雅礼-布朗强迫症量表（CY-BOCS）来评估强迫症症状的分布和严重程度。儿童眼中的读心术测试（RME-CT）用于评估读心术技能，认知灵活性量表（CFS）用于评估认知灵活性水平：结果：与对照组相比，强迫症青少年的 RME-CT 和 CFS 基线得分明显较低（分别为 p = 0.002 p = 0.001）。在为期1年的随访结束时，强迫症青少年的RME-CT和CFS得分明显升高（p 结论：强迫症青少年的RME-CT和CFS得分明显低于对照组（p = 0.002 p = 0.001）：研究显示，ToM 能力较低的青少年患强迫症的长期预后较差。总之，研究结果表明，ToM 技能可作为被诊断患有强迫症的青少年长期治疗效果的预测因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Early Intervention in Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

5.00%

发文量

112

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Early Intervention in Psychiatry publishes original research articles and reviews dealing with the early recognition, diagnosis and treatment across the full range of mental and substance use disorders, as well as the underlying epidemiological, biological, psychological and social mechanisms that influence the onset and early course of these disorders. The journal provides comprehensive coverage of early intervention for the full range of psychiatric disorders and mental health problems, including schizophrenia and other psychoses, mood and anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, eating disorders and personality disorders. Papers in any of the following fields are considered: diagnostic issues, psychopathology, clinical epidemiology, biological mechanisms, treatments and other forms of intervention, clinical trials, health services and economic research and mental health policy. Special features are also published, including hypotheses, controversies and snapshots of innovative service models.