Updating soil organic carbon for wheat production with high yield and grain protein

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
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Abstract

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is crucial for mitigating global warming and significantly impacts crop production. While the relationship between SOC and wheat yield is well-documented, its effect on wheat grain protein content, which is essential for food security and human health, remains unclear. This study gathered management data from wheat farmers and collected plant and soil samples in the Huang-Huai winter wheat region, China’s primary wheat-growing area, from 2015 to 2022. Boundary line analysis was used to quantify the responses of wheat yield and protein content to variations in SOC. Our findings reveal that increases in SOC significantly enhance wheat yield and protein content. The highest yields, reaching up to 10,848 kg ha–1, and a maximum protein content of 17.3 % were observed in soils with SOC ranging from 7.8–18.1 g kg–1, and high-yielding, high-protein wheat exhibited higher spike numbers and grain weights and more efficient nutrient accumulation from soil or fertilizer to shoots. Optimizing SOC levels to produce high-yielding, high-protein wheat could substantially reduce nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizer use by 9.42×104, 0.70×104, and 3.66×104 Mg per year, decrease greenhouse gas emissions by 3.36 Mt CO2 eq and generate an economic benefit of 2.77 billion USD. In conclusion, our study expands the understanding of SOC’s role in crop production beyond crop yield, providing valuable insights for producing high-yielding, high-protein wheat.

更新土壤有机碳,促进小麦高产和谷物蛋白生产
土壤有机碳(SOC)对减缓全球变暖至关重要,并对作物生产产生重大影响。虽然土壤有机碳与小麦产量之间的关系已得到充分证实,但其对小麦籽粒蛋白质含量的影响仍不清楚,而蛋白质含量对粮食安全和人类健康至关重要。本研究收集了麦农的管理数据,并采集了 2015 年至 2022 年中国主要小麦种植区黄淮冬麦区的植物和土壤样本。研究采用边界线分析法量化小麦产量和蛋白质含量对 SOC 变化的响应。我们的研究结果表明,SOC 的增加能显著提高小麦产量和蛋白质含量。在 SOC 为 7.8-18.1 g kg-1 的土壤中,小麦产量最高,可达 10,848 kg ha-1,蛋白质含量最高达 17.3%;高产、高蛋白小麦的穗粒数和粒重更高,从土壤或肥料到嫩芽的养分积累效率更高。优化 SOC 水平以生产高产高蛋白小麦每年可大幅减少氮(N)、磷(P)和钾(K)肥料用量 9.42×104 兆克、0.70×104 兆克和 3.66×104 兆克,减少温室气体排放 3.36 百万吨二氧化碳当量,并产生 27.7 亿美元的经济效益。总之,我们的研究拓展了人们对 SOC 在作物产量之外的作用的认识,为生产高产、高蛋白小麦提供了有价值的见解。
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来源期刊
Field Crops Research
Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
12.10%
发文量
307
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.
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