Placental homogeneity: Characterizing transcriptional variation among equine chorioallantoic locations

IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q3 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
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Abstract

The proper function of the placenta is essential for the health and growth of the fetus and the mother. The placenta relies on dynamic gene expression for its correct and timely development and function. Although numerous studies have identified genes vital for placental functions, equine placental molecular research has primarily focused on single placental locations, in sharp contrast with the broader approach in human studies. Here, we hypothesized that the molecular differences across different regions of the equine placenta are negligible because of its diffuse placental type with a macroscopic homogenous distribution of villi across the placental surface. We compared the transcriptome and stereological findings of the body, pregnant horn, and non-pregnant horn within the equine chorioallantois. Our transcriptomic analysis indicates that the variation between regions of the placenta within individuals is less than the variation observed between individuals. A low number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (n = 8) was identified when comparing pregnant and non-pregnant horns within the same placenta, suggesting a remarkable molecular uniformity. A higher number of DEGs was identified when comparing each horn to the body (193 DEGs comparing pregnant horn with body and 207 DEGs comparing non-pregnant horn with body). Genes with a higher expression in the body were associated with processes such as extracellular matrix synthesis and remodeling, which is relevant for placental maturation and placenta-endometrial separation at term and implies asynchrony of these processes across locations. The stereological analysis showed no differences in microcotyledonary density, and width between the locations. However, we observed a greater chorioallantoic thickness in the body and pregnant horn compared to the non-pregnant horn. Overall, our findings reveal a uniform transcriptomic profile across the placental horns, alongside a more distinct gene expression pattern between the uterine body and horns. These regional differences in gene expression suggest a different pace in the placental maturation and detachment among the placental locations.

Abstract Image

胎盘同质性:马绒毛膜尿囊位置转录变异的特征
胎盘的正常功能对胎儿和母亲的健康和成长至关重要。胎盘的正确和及时发育及功能依赖于动态基因表达。尽管已有大量研究发现了对胎盘功能至关重要的基因,但马胎盘分子研究主要集中在单个胎盘位置,这与人类研究中更广泛的方法形成了鲜明对比。在这里,我们假设马胎盘不同区域的分子差异可以忽略不计,因为马胎盘属于弥漫型胎盘,整个胎盘表面的绒毛宏观上分布均匀。我们比较了马绒毛膜内胎体、妊娠角和非妊娠角的转录组和立体学结果。我们的转录组分析表明,胎盘区域之间的个体差异小于个体之间的差异。在比较同一胎盘中妊娠角和非妊娠角时,发现的差异表达基因(DEGs)数量较少(n = 8),这表明胎盘具有显著的分子一致性。在将每个角与胎体进行比较时,发现了更多的 DEGs(妊娠角与胎体比较有 193 个 DEGs,非妊娠角与胎体比较有 207 个 DEGs)。在胎体中表达较高的基因与细胞外基质合成和重塑等过程有关,这与胎盘成熟和临产时胎盘-子宫内膜分离有关,并意味着这些过程在不同位置的不同步。立体学分析表明,不同位置的小叶密度和宽度没有差异。然而,我们观察到胎体和妊娠胎角的绒毛膜厚度大于非妊娠胎角。总之,我们的研究结果表明,胎盘角的转录组特征是一致的,而子宫体和角之间的基因表达模式则更为明显。这些基因表达的区域差异表明,胎盘成熟和剥离的速度在不同的胎盘位置有所不同。
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来源期刊
Theriogenology
Theriogenology 农林科学-生殖生物学
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
14.30%
发文量
387
审稿时长
72 days
期刊介绍: Theriogenology provides an international forum for researchers, clinicians, and industry professionals in animal reproductive biology. This acclaimed journal publishes articles on a wide range of topics in reproductive and developmental biology, of domestic mammal, avian, and aquatic species as well as wild species which are the object of veterinary care in research or conservation programs.
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