{"title":"Nozzle Innovations That Improve Capacity and Capabilities of Multimaterial Additive Manufacturing","authors":"Patrick J. McCauley, and , Alexandra V. Bayles*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c0000110.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00001","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >Multimaterial additive manufacturing incorporates multiple species within a single 3D-printed object to enhance its material properties and functionality. This technology could play a key role in distributed manufacturing. However, conventional layer-by-layer construction methods must operate at low volumetric throughputs to maintain fine feature resolution. One approach to overcome this challenge and increase production capacity is to structure multimaterial components in the printhead prior to deposition. Here we survey four classes of multimaterial nozzle innovations, nozzle arrays, coextruders, static mixers, and advective assemblers, designed for this purpose. Additionally, each design offers unique capabilities that provide benefits associated with accessible architectures, interfacial adhesion, material properties, and even living-cell viability. Accessing these benefits requires trade-offs, which may be mitigated with future investigation. Leveraging decades of research and development of multiphase extrusion equipment can help us engineer the next generation of 3D-printing nozzles and expand the capabilities and practical reach of multimaterial additive manufacturing.</p>","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00001","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Engineering Au","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00001","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Multimaterial additive manufacturing incorporates multiple species within a single 3D-printed object to enhance its material properties and functionality. This technology could play a key role in distributed manufacturing. However, conventional layer-by-layer construction methods must operate at low volumetric throughputs to maintain fine feature resolution. One approach to overcome this challenge and increase production capacity is to structure multimaterial components in the printhead prior to deposition. Here we survey four classes of multimaterial nozzle innovations, nozzle arrays, coextruders, static mixers, and advective assemblers, designed for this purpose. Additionally, each design offers unique capabilities that provide benefits associated with accessible architectures, interfacial adhesion, material properties, and even living-cell viability. Accessing these benefits requires trade-offs, which may be mitigated with future investigation. Leveraging decades of research and development of multiphase extrusion equipment can help us engineer the next generation of 3D-printing nozzles and expand the capabilities and practical reach of multimaterial additive manufacturing.
期刊介绍：
）ACS Engineering Au is an open access journal that reports significant advances in chemical engineering applied chemistry and energy covering fundamentals processes and products. The journal's broad scope includes experimental theoretical mathematical computational chemical and physical research from academic and industrial settings. Short letters comprehensive articles reviews and perspectives are welcome on topics that include:Fundamental research in such areas as thermodynamics transport phenomena (flow mixing mass & heat transfer) chemical reaction kinetics and engineering catalysis separations interfacial phenomena and materialsProcess design development and intensification (e.g. process technologies for chemicals and materials synthesis and design methods process intensification multiphase reactors scale-up systems analysis process control data correlation schemes modeling machine learning Artificial Intelligence)Product research and development involving chemical and engineering aspects (e.g. catalysts plastics elastomers fibers adhesives coatings paper membranes lubricants ceramics aerosols fluidic devices intensified process equipment)Energy and fuels (e.g. pre-treatment processing and utilization of renewable energy resources; processing and utilization of fuels; properties and structure or molecular composition of both raw fuels and refined products; fuel cells hydrogen batteries; photochemical fuel and energy production; decarbonization; electrification; microwave; cavitation)Measurement techniques computational models and data on thermo-physical thermodynamic and transport properties of materials and phase equilibrium behaviorNew methods models and tools (e.g. real-time data analytics multi-scale models physics informed machine learning models machine learning enhanced physics-based models soft sensors high-performance computing)
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