Carbapenem Resistance in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii Complex Isolates From Kathmandu Model Hospital, Nepal, Is Attributed to the Presence of bla OXA-23-like and bla NDM-1 Genes.

IF 2.6 3区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
BioMed Research International Pub Date : 2024-08-12 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2024/8842625
Anupama Gurung, Rajindra Napit, Basudha Shrestha, Binod Lekhak
{"title":"Carbapenem Resistance in <i>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii</i> Complex Isolates From Kathmandu Model Hospital, Nepal, Is Attributed to the Presence of <i>bla</i> <sub>OXA-23-like</sub> and <i>bla</i> <sub>NDM-1</sub> Genes.","authors":"Anupama Gurung, Rajindra Napit, Basudha Shrestha, Binod Lekhak","doi":"10.1155/2024/8842625","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii</i> (ACB) complex, also known as ACB complex, consists of four bacterial species that can cause opportunistic infections in humans, especially in hospital settings. Conventional therapies for susceptible strains of the ACB complex include broad-spectrum cephalosporins, <i>β</i>-lactam/<i>β</i>-lactamase inhibitors, and carbapenems. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of these antibiotics has declined due to increasing rates of resistance. The predominant resistance mechanisms identified in the ACB complex involve carbapenem-resistant (CR) oxacillinases and metallo-<i>β</i>-lactamases (MBLs). This research, conducted at Kathmandu Model Hospital in Nepal, sought to identify genes associated with CR, specifically <i>bla</i>NDM-1, <i>bla</i>OXA-23-like, and <i>bla</i>OXA-24-like genes in carbapenem-resistant <i>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii</i> (CR-ACB) complex. Additionally, the study is aimed at identifying the ACB complex through the sequencing of the 16s rRNA gene. Among the 992 samples collected from hospitalized patients, 43 (approximately 4.334%) tested positive for the ACB complex. These positive samples were mainly obtained from different hospital units, including intensive care units (ICUs); cabins; and neonatal, general, and maternity wards. The prevalence of infection was higher among males (58.14%) than females (41.86%), with the 40-50 age group showing the highest infection rate. In susceptibility testing, colistin and polymyxin B exhibited a susceptibility rate of 100%, whereas all samples showed resistance to third-generation cephalosporins. After polymyxins, gentamicin (30.23%) and amikacin (34.88%) demonstrated the highest susceptibility. A substantial majority (81.45%) of ACB complex isolates displayed resistance to carbapenems, with respiratory and pus specimens being the primary sources. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that the primary CR gene within the ACB complex at this hospital was <i>bla</i> <sub>OXA-23-like</sub>, followed by <i>bla</i> <sub>NDM-1</sub>. To ensure the accuracy of the phenotypic assessment, 12 samples were chosen for 16s rRNA sequencing using Illumina MiSeq™ to confirm that they are <i>Acinetobacter</i> species. QIIME 2.0 analysis confirmed all 12 isolates to be <i>Acinetobacter</i> species. In the hospital setting, a substantial portion of the ACB complex carries CR genes, rendering carbapenem ineffective for treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9007,"journal":{"name":"BioMed Research International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8842625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11333142/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"BioMed Research International","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8842625","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii (ACB) complex, also known as ACB complex, consists of four bacterial species that can cause opportunistic infections in humans, especially in hospital settings. Conventional therapies for susceptible strains of the ACB complex include broad-spectrum cephalosporins, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors, and carbapenems. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of these antibiotics has declined due to increasing rates of resistance. The predominant resistance mechanisms identified in the ACB complex involve carbapenem-resistant (CR) oxacillinases and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). This research, conducted at Kathmandu Model Hospital in Nepal, sought to identify genes associated with CR, specifically blaNDM-1, blaOXA-23-like, and blaOXA-24-like genes in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii (CR-ACB) complex. Additionally, the study is aimed at identifying the ACB complex through the sequencing of the 16s rRNA gene. Among the 992 samples collected from hospitalized patients, 43 (approximately 4.334%) tested positive for the ACB complex. These positive samples were mainly obtained from different hospital units, including intensive care units (ICUs); cabins; and neonatal, general, and maternity wards. The prevalence of infection was higher among males (58.14%) than females (41.86%), with the 40-50 age group showing the highest infection rate. In susceptibility testing, colistin and polymyxin B exhibited a susceptibility rate of 100%, whereas all samples showed resistance to third-generation cephalosporins. After polymyxins, gentamicin (30.23%) and amikacin (34.88%) demonstrated the highest susceptibility. A substantial majority (81.45%) of ACB complex isolates displayed resistance to carbapenems, with respiratory and pus specimens being the primary sources. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that the primary CR gene within the ACB complex at this hospital was bla OXA-23-like, followed by bla NDM-1. To ensure the accuracy of the phenotypic assessment, 12 samples were chosen for 16s rRNA sequencing using Illumina MiSeq™ to confirm that they are Acinetobacter species. QIIME 2.0 analysis confirmed all 12 isolates to be Acinetobacter species. In the hospital setting, a substantial portion of the ACB complex carries CR genes, rendering carbapenem ineffective for treatment.

尼泊尔加德满都模范医院卡氏不动杆菌-鲍曼尼氏菌复合菌株的碳青霉烯耐药性归因于 bla OXA-23-like 和 bla NDM-1 基因的存在。
醋酸钙化杆菌-鲍曼尼菌(ACB)复合菌群,又称 ACB 复合菌群,由四种细菌组成,可引起人类机会性感染,尤其是在医院环境中。针对 ACB 复合菌株易感菌株的传统疗法包括广谱头孢菌素、β-内酰胺/β-内酰胺酶抑制剂和碳青霉烯类。遗憾的是,由于耐药性的增加,这些抗生素的有效性已经下降。在 ACB 复合物中发现的主要耐药机制包括耐碳青霉烯(CR)氧西林酶和金属-β-内酰胺酶(MBLs)。这项研究在尼泊尔加德满都模范医院进行,旨在鉴定耐碳青霉烯类杆菌-鲍曼尼菌(CR-ACB)复合体中与 CR 相关的基因,特别是 blaNDM-1、blaOXA-23-like 和 blaOXA-24-like 基因。此外,该研究还旨在通过 16s rRNA 基因测序来确定 ACB 复合物。在从住院患者身上采集的 992 份样本中,有 43 份(约占 4.334%)对 ACB 复合物检测呈阳性。这些阳性样本主要来自医院的不同科室,包括重症监护室(ICU)、病房、新生儿病房、普通病房和产科病房。男性的感染率(58.14%)高于女性(41.86%),其中 40-50 岁年龄组的感染率最高。在药敏试验中,可乐定和多粘菌素 B 的药敏率为 100%,而所有样本均对第三代头孢菌素产生耐药性。继多粘菌素之后,庆大霉素(30.23%)和阿米卡星(34.88%)的药敏率最高。绝大多数(81.45%) ACB 复合菌株对碳青霉烯类产生耐药性,主要来源是呼吸道和脓液标本。聚合酶链反应(PCR)显示,该医院 ACB 复合菌株的主要 CR 基因是 bla OXA-23-like,其次是 bla NDM-1。为确保表型评估的准确性,我们选择了 12 份样本,使用 Illumina MiSeq™ 进行 16s rRNA 测序,以确认它们是醋杆菌属菌种。QIIME 2.0 分析证实所有 12 个分离物均为醋烷杆菌。在医院环境中,相当一部分 ACB 复合菌携带 CR 基因,导致碳青霉烯类药物治疗无效。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
BioMed Research International
BioMed Research International BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY-MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
1942
审稿时长
19 weeks
期刊介绍: BioMed Research International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies covering a wide range of subjects in life sciences and medicine. The journal is divided into 55 subject areas.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信