Molecular expression of Forkhead Box C2 gene (FOXC2) and Prospero homeobox gene (PROX-1) in oral squamous carcinoma and their correlation with clinicopathological parameters: A prospective cohort study.

Q3 Medicine

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-11 DOI:10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_394_23

Georgia Benitha, Pratibha Ramani, Selvaraj Jayakumar, Karthikeyan Ramalingam

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Forkhead box C2 gene (FOXC2) acts as an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inducer while Prospero homeobox 1 gene (PROX-1) function as a regulator of lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). It is presumed that PROX-1 has both tumour-suppressive and oncogenic effects. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the role of PROX-1 and FOXC2 in the invasion and progression of OSCC cases and to correlate their expression with various histopathological parameters.

Materials and methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in a total sample size of 52 OSCC tissues and histologically tumour-free margins of 20. mRNA expression and protein levels of FOXC2 and PROX-1 were evaluated using real-time PCR and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Chi-square analysis and correlation analysis were done. Kaplan-Meier analysis evaluated the survival rate.

Results: Mean Ct values of FOXC2 were 1.915 ± 0.519 and PROX-1 was 0.061 ± 0.173. There was a significant 2-fold increase in the FOXC2 expression and a 0.5-fold decrease in the PROX-1 expression in OSCC tissue. Increased levels of FOXC2 protein and decreased levels of PROX-1 with a mean difference of 1.64 ± 0.73 ng/ml and 1.27 ± 0.33 ng/ml were observed in OSCC compared to histologically tumour-free margins. A significant positive correlation was found between the FOXC2 expression and clinicopathological parameters such as staging, perineural invasion (PNI) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) whereas PROX-1 showed a significant negative correlation with histopathological parameters such as staging, PNI, LVI and tumour staging. There was a significant positive correlation between the PROX-1 and histologically tumour-free margins in disease-free survival patients (P-value = 0.03).

Conclusion: FOXC2 and PROX-1 expressions were correlated with lymphovascular invasion, OSCC tumour staging and PNI. Thus, FOXC2 and PROX-1 could be possible therapeutic targets in the treatment of OSCC that can inhibit the EMT in OSCC and thereby favouring a better prognosis.

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口腔鳞癌中叉头盒 C2 基因（FOXC2）和 Prospero homeobox 基因（PROX-1）的分子表达及其与临床病理参数的相关性：前瞻性队列研究。

背景：叉头盒 C2 基因（FOXC2）是上皮-间质转化（EMT）的诱导因子，而 Prospero homeobox 1 基因（PROX-1）则是口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）淋巴管生成和血管生成的调节因子。据推测，PROX-1 具有抑制肿瘤和致癌的双重作用。本研究的主要目的是评估 PROX-1 和 FOXC2 在 OSCC 病例的侵袭和进展中的作用，并将它们的表达与各种组织病理学参数相关联：采用实时 PCR 和夹心酶联免疫吸附试验技术评估 FOXC2 和 PROX-1 的 mRNA 表达和蛋白水平。进行了卡方分析和相关分析。Kaplan-Meier分析评估了存活率：结果：FOXC2的平均Ct值为1.915 ± 0.519，PROX-1为0.061 ± 0.173。在 OSCC 组织中，FOXC2 的表达量明显增加了 2 倍，PROX-1 的表达量减少了 0.5 倍。与组织学上无肿瘤的边缘相比，在OSCC中观察到FOXC2蛋白水平升高，PROX-1水平降低，平均差异为1.64 ± 0.73 ng/ml和1.27 ± 0.33 ng/ml。研究发现，FOXC2 的表达与临床病理参数（如分期、神经周围侵犯（PNI）和淋巴管侵犯（LVI））呈显著正相关，而 PROX-1 与组织病理参数（如分期、PNI、LVI 和肿瘤分期）呈显著负相关。在无病生存患者中，PROX-1与组织学无肿瘤边缘之间存在明显的正相关性（P值=0.03）：结论：FOXC2和PROX-1的表达与淋巴管侵犯、OSCC肿瘤分期和PNI相关。因此，FOXC2和PROX-1可能是治疗OSCC的治疗靶点，可抑制OSCC的EMT，从而改善预后。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Medicine-Otorhinolaryngology

CiteScore

1.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

115

期刊介绍： The journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology [ISSN:print-(0973-029X, online-1998-393X)] is a tri-annual journal published on behalf of “The Indian Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathologists” (IAOMP). The publication of JOMFP was started in the year 1993. The journal publishes papers on a wide spectrum of topics associated with the scope of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, also, ensuring scientific merit and quality. It is a comprehensive reading material for the professionals who want to upgrade their diagnostic skills in Oral Diseases; allows exposure to newer topics and methods of research in the Oral-facial Tissues and Pathology. New features allow an open minded thinking and approach to various pathologies. It also encourages authors to showcase quality work done by them and to compile relevant cases which are diagnostically challenging. The Journal takes pride in maintaining the quality of articles and photomicrographs.