Neonicotinoid Residues on Filter Paper Lack Insecticidal Activity.

IF 1.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY
Neotropical Entomology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-19 DOI:10.1007/s13744-024-01196-9
Jorge B Torres, José B Malaquias, Mark S Hoddle
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Abstract

Neonicotinoid insecticides are used against agricultural, forest, and urban insect pests. Evaluation of dry neonicotinoid residues on treated filter paper is a commonly used method to determine the toxicity of active ingredients towards target and non-target organisms. Dry residues of four neonicotinoids, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam, on filter paper did not cause significant levels of mortality in Hippodamia convergens (Guérin-Méneville) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) when compared to paired untreated groups. Conversely, nearly 100% mortality was observed when test insects were exposed to dry neonicotinoid residues on leaf discs and glass plate surfaces. On the other hand, dry residues of the pyrethroid bifenthrin on filter paper, leaf disks, and glass plates killed significantly more test insects when compared to untreated groups. Additional bioassays tested the toxicity of acetamiprid and thiamethoxam by evaluating the toxicity of dry residues on (1) the upper and (2) lower surfaces of treated filter paper, (3) on a glass plate underneath treated filter paper, (4) on the upper surface of treated filter paper treated with insecticide and adjuvant, and (5) dried residues on a glass plate after dipping treated filter paper in water and letting the solvent dry on the inert test surface. The results indicated that neonicotinoid insecticides applied to filter paper were adsorbed. Toxic compounds possibly move in between and binding to paper fibers so that no toxic residues were left on treated surfaces. However, adsorbed insecticides were still biologically active when washed out of filter paper and dried on an inert glass surface. The results reported here clearly demonstrate that the toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides should not be evaluated using filter paper as a test surface.

Abstract Image

滤纸上的新烟碱残留物缺乏杀虫活性。
新烟碱类杀虫剂用于防治农业、森林和城市害虫。评估经处理滤纸上的新烟碱类杀虫剂干残留物是确定活性成分对目标和非目标生物毒性的常用方法。与配对的未处理组相比,四种新烟碱类杀虫剂(啶虫脒、敌稗、吡虫啉和噻虫嗪)在滤纸上的干残留物不会导致 Hippodamia convergens (Guérin-Méneville) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) 和 Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) 显著死亡。相反,当试验昆虫接触叶片和玻璃板表面的干新烟碱残留物时,死亡率几乎达到 100%。另一方面,与未处理组相比,滤纸、叶片和玻璃板上的拟除虫菊酯联苯菊酯干残留物杀死的试验昆虫明显更多。其他生物测定测试了啶虫脒和噻虫嗪的毒性,方法是评估干残留物在以下部位的毒性:(1) 经处理滤纸的上表面和 (2) 下表面;(3) 经处理滤纸下方的玻璃板;(4) 经杀虫剂和佐剂处理的滤纸上表面;(5) 经处理滤纸浸水后在玻璃板上的干残留物,并让溶剂在惰性测试表面干燥。结果表明,滤纸上的新烟碱类杀虫剂被吸附。有毒化合物可能会在纸纤维之间移动并与纸纤维结合,因此不会在处理过的表面留下有毒残留物。不过,当吸附的杀虫剂从滤纸中洗出并在惰性玻璃表面上干燥后,仍具有生物活性。本文报告的结果清楚地表明,新烟碱类杀虫剂的毒性不应使用滤纸作为测试表面进行评估。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Neotropical Entomology
Neotropical Entomology 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
5.60%
发文量
69
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Neotropical Entomology is a bimonthly journal, edited by the Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil (Entomological Society of Brazil) that publishes original articles produced by Brazilian and international experts in several subspecialties of entomology. These include bionomics, systematics, morphology, physiology, behavior, ecology, biological control, crop protection and acarology.
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