Hidden formaldehyde in cosmetic products

IF 4.8 1区医学 Q2 ALLERGY

Contact Dermatitis Pub Date : 2024-08-18 DOI:10.1111/cod.14669

Rebekka Søgaard, Pia Brunn Poulsen, Rikke Munch Gelardi, Susann Geschke, Jakob Ferløv Baselius Schwensen, Jeanne Duus Johansen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Formaldehyde is a common cause of contact allergy. Hidden formaldehyde, that is, formaldehyde in products without formaldehyde releasers, has previously been detected in cosmetic products.

Objectives

The objective of this study was to investigate the content and causes of hidden formaldehyde in leave-on cosmetic products.

Methods

The formaldehyde release from 142 cosmetic products, primarily creams, was analysed using the chromotropic acid (CA) method. The study included 130 products with no formaldehyde releasers on the ingredient list and 12 products with formaldehyde releasers. Products without formaldehyde releasers positive to CA, that is, with formaldehyde ≥2.5 ppm, were additionally analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Formaldehyde release from selected raw materials and packaging were also investigated.

Results

Hidden formaldehyde was found in 23 of the 130 products (18%) without formaldehyde releasers on the ingredient list. The average formaldehyde content was 105 ppm (range: 0.5–507 ppm) in products with hidden formaldehyde and 355 ppm (range: 75–637 ppm) in eight products with formaldehyde releasers, selected for HPLC analysis. Impurities of formaldehyde in dihydroxyacetone may be a cause of hidden formaldehyde in self-tanners. No clear pattern was found for the other products with hidden formaldehyde.

Conclusions

Changes in regulation are needed to prevent allergic contact dermatitis from hidden formaldehyde in cosmetic products.

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化妆品中隐藏的甲醛

背景：甲醛是导致接触性过敏的常见原因。以前曾在化妆品中检测到隐性甲醛，即产品中没有甲醛释放剂的甲醛：本研究旨在调查免洗化妆品中隐藏甲醛的含量和成因：方法：使用铬酸（CA）法分析了 142 种化妆品（主要是膏霜）的甲醛释放量。研究包括 130 种成分表中没有甲醛释放剂的产品和 12 种含有甲醛释放剂的产品。此外，还使用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）对不含甲醛释放剂的产品（即甲醛含量≥2.5 ppm）进行了分析。此外，还对部分原材料和包装的甲醛释放量进行了调查：130 种产品中有 23 种（18%）在配料表中没有甲醛释放剂，其中发现了隐性甲醛。在隐藏甲醛的产品中，甲醛含量平均为 105 ppm（范围：0.5-507 ppm），而在选定进行 HPLC 分析的 8 种含有甲醛释放剂的产品中，甲醛含量平均为 355 ppm（范围：75-637 ppm）。二羟基丙酮中的甲醛杂质可能是导致美黑产品中隐藏甲醛的原因之一。其他含有隐性甲醛的产品没有发现明确的模式：结论：要防止化妆品中的隐性甲醛引起过敏性接触性皮炎，就必须改变监管方式。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Contact Dermatitis 医学-过敏

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

30.90%

发文量

227

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Contact Dermatitis is designed primarily as a journal for clinicians who are interested in various aspects of environmental dermatitis. This includes both allergic and irritant (toxic) types of contact dermatitis, occupational (industrial) dermatitis and consumers" dermatitis from such products as cosmetics and toiletries. The journal aims at promoting and maintaining communication among dermatologists, industrial physicians, allergists and clinical immunologists, as well as chemists and research workers involved in industry and the production of consumer goods. Papers are invited on clinical observations, diagnosis and methods of investigation of patients, therapeutic measures, organisation and legislation relating to the control of occupational and consumers".