Branching response to stem density and its impact on yield in hybrid potato grown from true seeds and seedling tubers

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
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Abstract

Context

Hybrid potato crops can be grown from true potato seeds or from seedling tubers. True-seed-grown plants produce lower marketable tuber yield than seedling-tuber-grown plants, because of their low early vigour and distinct growth and development patterns, notably in term of main stem number and stem branching. These differences are pivotal for yield formation but their impacts on crop performance and yield are not well understood.

Objectives

We quantified the differences between the propagule types (true seeds vs seedling tubers) in their branching responses to stem density and assessed to what extent these differences contribute to differences in crop development and tuber production.

Methods

Two field experiments were conducted in different years, planting transplants from true seeds and pre-sprouted seedling tubers from the same genotype, while controlling their stem density per unit area. Responses in stem branching and biomass partitioning to stem density were quantified on individual main stems, followed by an evaluation of the impact of these responses on crop performance.

Results

On individual main stems in both propagule types, higher stem density decreased branch development, decreased the number of branches above- and belowground, resulted in shifts in aboveground branch distribution towards lower branching orders, and led to smaller tuber sizes. However, such branching responses were stronger in true-seed-grown plants than in seedling-tuber-grown plants. At crop level, differences between propagule types were significant in canopy duration, number of tubers, tuber size distribution and marketable yield, but there was no stem density effect.

Conclusion

Our results emphasized the differences between propagule types in branching and its impact on crop development and tuber yield, due to the absence of stem density effects. Propagule type effects could be attributed to intrinsic differences between propagule types in branching control, growth habit and source-sink relations. These effects are relevant for hybrid potato breeding and require further research. Management practices were partly responsible for year-to-year differences in branching and yield formation, which highlights their significance for hybrid potato production.

用真种和块茎苗培育的杂交马铃薯对茎密度的分枝反应及其对产量的影响
杂交马铃薯作物可以从真正的马铃薯种子或块茎幼苗培育而成。真种子种植的植株比块茎苗种植的植株的块茎产量要低,因为它们的早期活力低,生长发育模式不同,特别是在主茎数量和茎分枝方面。这些差异对产量的形成至关重要,但它们对作物性能和产量的影响却不甚了解。我们量化了不同繁殖类型(真种子与块茎幼苗)对茎干密度的分枝反应差异,并评估了这些差异在多大程度上导致了作物发育和块茎产量的差异。在不同年份进行了两次田间试验,分别种植同一基因型的真种子和预发芽块茎苗的移栽植物,同时控制其单位面积的茎干密度。对单个主茎的茎分枝和生物量分配对茎密度的反应进行了量化,然后评估了这些反应对作物表现的影响。在两种繁殖体类型的单个主茎上,较高的茎密度会减少分枝的发育,减少地上和地下分枝的数量,导致地上分枝分布向低级分枝转移,并导致块茎变小。不过,与幼苗-茎干生长型植物相比,真籽生长型植物的这种分枝反应更为强烈。在作物水平上,不同类型的繁殖体在冠层持续时间、块茎数量、块茎大小分布和可销售产量方面差异显著,但没有茎密度效应。由于没有茎密度效应,我们的结果强调了不同繁殖体类型在分枝方面的差异及其对作物生长和块茎产量的影响。繁殖体类型效应可归因于不同繁殖体类型在分枝控制、生长习性和源汇关系方面的内在差异。这些效应与杂交马铃薯育种有关,需要进一步研究。管理方法是造成分枝和产量形成年际差异的部分原因,这突出了它们对杂交马铃薯生产的重要性。
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来源期刊
Field Crops Research
Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
12.10%
发文量
307
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.
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