Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Exhibit Anti-Acanthamoeba castellanii Properties by Inducing Necrotic Cell Death

IF 1.2 3区农林科学 Q4 PARASITOLOGY

Acta Parasitologica Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI:10.1007/s11686-024-00891-2

Usman Ahmed, Lai Ti Gew, Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui, Naveed Ahmed Khan, Ahmad M. Alharbi, Ayman Alhazmi, Ayaz Anwar

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Abstract

Purpose

The treatment of amoebic infections is often problematic, largely due to delayed diagnosis, amoebae transformation into resistant cyst form, and lack of availability of effective chemotherapeutic agents. Herein, we determined anti-Acanthamoeba castellanii properties of three metal oxide nanoparticles (TiO₂, ZrO₂, and Al₂O₃).

Methods

Amoebicidal assays were performed to determine whether metal oxide nanoparticles inhibit amoebae viability. Encystation assays were performed to test whether metal oxide nanoparticles inhibit cyst formation. By measuring lactate dehydrogenase release, cytotoxicity assays were performed to determine human cell damage. Hoechst 33342/PI staining was performed to determine programmed cell death (apoptosis) and necrosis in A. castellanii.

Results

TiO₂-NPs significantly inhibited amoebae viability as observed through amoebicidal assays, as well as inhibited their phenotypic transformation as evident using encystation assays, and showed limited human cell damage as observed by measuring lactate dehydrogenase assays. Furthermore, TiO₂-NPs altered parasite membranes and resulted in necrotic cell death as determined using double staining cell death assays with Hoechst33342/Propidium iodide (PI) observed through chromatin condensation. These findings suggest that TiO₂-NPs offers a potential viable avenue in the rationale development of therapeutic interventions against Acanthamoeba infections.

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金属氧化物纳米粒子通过诱导坏死细胞的死亡而表现出抗卡氏曼原虫的特性

目的：阿米巴感染的治疗通常很成问题，这主要是由于诊断不及时、阿米巴转变为耐药囊虫以及缺乏有效的化疗药物。在此，我们测定了三种金属氧化物纳米粒子（TiO2、ZrO2 和 Al2O3）的抗卡他阿米巴特性：方法：进行杀阿米巴试验，以确定金属氧化物纳米颗粒是否抑制阿米巴的活力。囊肿形成试验是为了检测金属氧化物纳米颗粒是否能抑制囊肿的形成。通过测量乳酸脱氢酶的释放量，进行细胞毒性试验以确定人体细胞是否受损。Hoechst 33342/PI染色用于确定卡斯特氏菌的程序性细胞死亡（凋亡）和坏死：结果：通过变形虫杀灭试验观察到，TiO2-NPs 能明显抑制变形虫的存活率，并能明显抑制其表型转化，而且通过测量乳酸脱氢酶试验观察到，TiO2-NPs 对人体细胞的损伤有限。此外，TiO2-NPs 还能改变寄生虫的膜，并通过染色质凝结，用 Hoechst33342/Propidium iodide (PI) 进行细胞死亡双重染色测定，从而导致细胞坏死。这些研究结果表明，TiO2-NPs 为开发针对棘阿米巴感染的治疗干预方法提供了一条潜在的可行途径。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Acta Parasitologica 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

6.70%

发文量

149

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Acta Parasitologica is an international journal covering the latest advances in the subject. Acta Parasitologica publishes original papers on all aspects of parasitology and host-parasite relationships, including the latest discoveries in biochemical and molecular biology of parasites, their physiology, morphology, taxonomy and ecology, as well as original research papers on immunology, pathology, and epidemiology of parasitic diseases in the context of medical, veterinary and biological sciences. The journal also publishes short research notes, invited review articles, book reviews. The journal was founded in 1953 as "Acta Parasitologica Polonica" by the Polish Parasitological Society and since 1954 has been published by W. Stefanski Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. Since 1992 in has appeared as Acta Parasitologica in four issues per year.