Rigid–flexible coupling design and reusable impact mitigation of the hierarchical-bistable hybrid metamaterials

IF 5.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL
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Abstract

Mechanical metamaterials with multistable unit cells featured by negative stiffness or quasi-zero stiffness is attracting increasing attention owing to their unique mechanical properties and reusable potential. In this paper, a hierarchical-bistable hybrid metamaterial with rigid–flexible coupling design is proposed, demonstrating excellent mitigation performance and protection against multiple impacts. The metamaterial consists of a multi-layer bistable beams with a central honeycomb and is manufactured by 3D printing. Firstly, the negative stiffness characteristics of the curved beams in the metamaterial are theoretically determined, and the convergence of the finite element model under different mesh sizes is analyzed. And the quasi-zero stiffness characteristics of the metamaterial have been confirmed, along with its more stable and uniform deformation pattern, through the quasi-static compression experiment. Then the buffering performance of the metamaterial is studied in ball impact tests, showing an average improvement of about 65% compared to the rigid control group, while verifying the accuracy of the finite element model. With the analysis of the deformation modes and strain energy, the mitigation mechanism of metamaterials is demonstrated to extend the contact time and disperse the impact load through the layered deformation to reduce the peak response, instead of relying on plastic strain. Finally, the reusability of the metamaterial is explored by the ten-times plate impacts simulation. The results demonstrate that the metamaterial decreases the plastic strain of its structure by 60% while reducing impact response, thereby preventing the premature failure of core components. These results demonstrate the great potential of the proposed metamaterials for various engineering applications, including aircraft or spacecraft landing protection, vehicle pedestrian protection, and the transportation protection of fragile objects or precision instruments.

分层-双稳态混合超材料的刚性-柔性耦合设计和可重复使用的冲击缓解技术
具有负刚度或准零刚度的多稳单元的机械超材料因其独特的机械特性和可重复使用的潜力而日益受到关注。本文提出了一种具有刚柔耦合设计的分层-双稳态混合超材料,展示了出色的缓和性能和对多重撞击的防护能力。该超材料由多层双稳态梁和中心蜂窝组成,并通过三维打印技术制造。首先,从理论上确定了超材料中曲线梁的负刚度特性,并分析了不同网格尺寸下有限元模型的收敛性。通过准静态压缩实验,证实了超材料的准零刚度特性及其更稳定、更均匀的变形模式。然后在球体撞击试验中研究了超材料的缓冲性能,结果表明与刚性对照组相比,超材料的缓冲性能平均提高了约 65%,同时验证了有限元模型的准确性。通过对变形模式和应变能的分析,证明了超材料的缓解机制可以延长接触时间,并通过分层变形分散冲击载荷以降低峰值响应,而不是依赖塑性应变。最后,通过十次平板冲击模拟探讨了超材料的可重复使用性。结果表明,超材料在降低冲击响应的同时,将其结构的塑性应变降低了 60%,从而防止了核心部件的过早失效。这些结果证明了所提出的超材料在各种工程应用中的巨大潜力,包括飞机或航天器着陆保护、车辆行人保护以及易碎物体或精密仪器的运输保护。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Impact Engineering
International Journal of Impact Engineering 工程技术-工程:机械
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
13.70%
发文量
241
审稿时长
52 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Impact Engineering, established in 1983 publishes original research findings related to the response of structures, components and materials subjected to impact, blast and high-rate loading. Areas relevant to the journal encompass the following general topics and those associated with them: -Behaviour and failure of structures and materials under impact and blast loading -Systems for protection and absorption of impact and blast loading -Terminal ballistics -Dynamic behaviour and failure of materials including plasticity and fracture -Stress waves -Structural crashworthiness -High-rate mechanical and forming processes -Impact, blast and high-rate loading/measurement techniques and their applications
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