Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases producing microbes: A key indicator for biomass-degrading enzymes

Abstract

The transition of agricultural wastes into value added, sustainable end-products are governed by microbial decomposition through production of different lignolytic enzymes for renew energy and low carbon (C) economy for the future. The discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), uplift the activity of glycoside hydrolases with other glycolytic enzymes for rapid degradation of agricultural waste. A better understanding of LPMO's active sites, co-substrates, electron donors, inhibiting factors and other structural aspects will assure their position in industry to convert non-edible biomass into fuel, energy or other useful compounds. This review insight about the classification, biological aspect, structural information, catalytic mechanism and applications of LPMOs. Nonetheless, production of LPMOs is discussed along with the amplification of genes, as its production will reduce the enzyme load required for the conversion of ligno-cellulolytic agricultural biomass.