Prevalence and topography of bifid and trifid mandibular canal in Turkish Western Anatolia Population: evaluation of the inferior alveolar canal with CBCT.

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q2 Medicine

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI:10.1007/s00276-024-03460-4

Duygu Göller Bulut, Gizem Kartal Yalçın, Zeynep Tanrıseven, Betül Taşkın, Banu Aydın

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Abstract

Purpose: Various anatomical variations of the inferior alveolar canal increase the incidence of surgical complications; Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the frequency and configuration of bifid and trifid mandibular canals using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the Turkish subpopulation.

Methods: The inferior alveolar canal was evaluated on 1014 hemi-mandibles in the CBCT (I-CAT 3D Imaging System) images of 513 patients. The frequency and configuration of the bifid and trifid mandibular canal (MC) were examined. The relationship between bifid MC configuration and dental status and age groups was analyzed. The distance of the accessory canal to the buccal and lingual walls and the alveolar crest was measured. The diameter of the main canal and accessory canal was measured and its relationship with dental status and age groups was evaluated.

Results: Bifid MC was found in 266 hemi-mandibles (24.7%) and 212 (41.3%) of 513 patients. The most common type of bifid MC was the retromolar canal (87 sides), followed by the forward canal without confluence (41; 4%) and the dental canal (34; 3.4%). 10 of the dental canals were opening to the 1st molar, 14 of the 2nd molars, and 10 of the 3rd molars. The number of retromolar foramina was 1 on 56 sides, 2 on 15 sides, and 3 on 4 sides. Forward canal without confluence was more common in edentulous patients than in dentulous patients, while the dental canal was more common in dentulous patients. The main canal diameter was 3.53 ± 0.97 mm and the bifid MC diameter was 1.82 ± 0.70 mm. Distance of the bifid MC to the lingual wall was higher in the > 64 years group than in the 18-39 years group (p = 0.022). Distance of the bifid MC to the alveolar crest was lower in the > 64 years group compared to the 18-39 years group and 40-64 years group (p = 0.015). The main canal diameter was higher in the 40-64 years group than in the 18-39 years group (p = 0.012).

Conclusion: Bifid MC has a high prevalence, occurring in almost one in two patients. Dental and retromolar types, which are close to the teeth, are more common, and this increases the possibility of complications. CBCT is the most accurate imaging technique used to detect and define these variations.

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土耳其西安纳托利亚人口中下颌管二叉和三叉的发病率和地形图：用 CBCT 评估下牙槽骨管。

目的：下齿槽管的各种解剖变异会增加手术并发症的发生率；因此，本研究旨在使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）评估土耳其亚人群中下颌二裂和三裂下齿槽管的频率和结构：方法：在 513 名患者的 CBCT（I-CAT 3D 成像系统）图像中，对 1014 个半下颌骨的下牙槽进行了评估。方法：对 513 名患者的 CBCT（I-CAT 3D 成像系统）图像中的 1014 个半下颌骨下牙槽骨管进行了评估，研究了下颌管（MC）双侧和三侧的频率和构造。分析了双叉下颌管结构与牙齿状况和年龄组之间的关系。测量了附属管到颊侧壁、舌侧壁和牙槽嵴的距离。测量主管和附属管的直径，并评估其与牙齿状况和年龄组别的关系：在 513 名患者中，有 266 名半颌骨患者（24.7%）和 212 名患者（41.3%）发现 MC 双折。最常见的双叉MC类型是后齿槽管（87侧），其次是无汇合的前齿槽管（41；4%）和齿槽管（34；3.4%）。其中 10 个牙管开口于第 1 磨牙，14 个开口于第 2 磨牙，10 个开口于第 3 磨牙。后磨牙孔的数量为 56 侧 1 个，15 侧 2 个，4 侧 3 个。无牙患者中没有汇合的前牙管比有牙患者更常见，而有牙患者中牙根管更常见。主管直径为 3.53 ± 0.97 毫米，双叉 MC 直径为 1.82 ± 0.70 毫米。大于 64 岁组的双叉 MC 与舌壁的距离高于 18-39 岁组（p = 0.022）。与 18-39 岁组和 40-64 岁组相比，64 岁以上组的双折MC 与牙槽嵴的距离较低（p = 0.015）。40-64 岁组的主管直径高于 18-39 岁组（p = 0.012）：结论：MC 双叉的发病率很高，几乎每两名患者中就有一名。牙性和后磨牙型（靠近牙齿）更常见，这增加了并发症的可能性。CBCT 是用于检测和确定这些变异的最准确成像技术。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Medicine-Pathology and Forensic Medicine

CiteScore

2.40

自引率

14.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： Anatomy is a morphological science which cannot fail to interest the clinician. The practical application of anatomical research to clinical problems necessitates special adaptation and selectivity in choosing from numerous international works. Although there is a tendency to believe that meaningful advances in anatomy are unlikely, constant revision is necessary. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy, the first international journal of Clinical anatomy has been created in this spirit. Its goal is to serve clinicians, regardless of speciality-physicians, surgeons, radiologists or other specialists-as an indispensable aid with which they can improve their knowledge of anatomy. Each issue includes: Original papers, review articles, articles on the anatomical bases of medical, surgical and radiological techniques, articles of normal radiologic anatomy, brief reviews of anatomical publications of clinical interest. Particular attention is given to high quality illustrations, which are indispensable for a better understanding of anatomical problems. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy is a journal written by anatomists for clinicians with a special interest in anatomy.

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