The emotional burden of type 1 diabetes: A cross-sectional study to understand associations between diabetes distress and glucose metrics in adulthood

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Diabetic Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI:10.1111/dme.15425

Caitlin S. Kelly, Huyen Nguyen, Katherine S. Chapman, Wendy A. Wolf

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aims

Advancements in type 1 diabetes (T1D) management, such as continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), have helped people achieve narrower glucose ranges, but associations between CGM and diabetes distress are unclear. Although higher HbA_1c is associated with higher distress, associations with other glucose metrics are unknown. To better understand this relationship, we characterized diabetes distress in a sample of CGM users and compared differences in glucose metrics (measured via CGM) between those with higher versus lower distress.

Methods

CGM users with T1D from the T1D Exchange Registry completed an online survey including diabetes distress (DDS-2) and shared CGM data (N = 199). CGM metrics were computed from all available data within 3 months prior to survey completion. Participants were grouped by distress level: lower (DDS-2 < 3, n = 120) or higher (DDS-2 ≥ 3, n = 79). Welch's t-tests were used to compare mean differences in CGM metrics between groups and MANCOVA was used to further probe mean differences.

Results

Approximately 39.7% participants reported higher diabetes distress. Welch's t-tests revealed participants with higher distress spent significantly more time in higher glucose ranges (above 180 mg/dL and above 250 mg/dL), less time in target glucose ranges (between 70 and 180 mg/dL and between 70 and 140 mg/dL) and had higher glucose management index values compared to those with lower distress (p < 0.01). MANCOVA models showed similar results.

Conclusions

CGM users continue to experience diabetes distress. Moreover, higher distress appears to be associated with hyperglycaemia. These findings provide support for broader screening efforts for diabetes distress.

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1 型糖尿病的情绪负担：一项横断面研究，旨在了解成年后糖尿病困扰与血糖指标之间的关联。

目的：持续葡萄糖监测（CGM）等 1 型糖尿病（T1D）管理方面的进步帮助人们实现了更窄的血糖范围，但 CGM 与糖尿病困扰之间的关系尚不清楚。虽然较高的 HbA1c 与较高的困扰相关，但与其他血糖指标的关系尚不清楚。为了更好地了解这种关系，我们对 CGM 用户样本中的糖尿病困扰进行了特征描述，并比较了困扰程度较高和较低者之间葡萄糖指标（通过 CGM 测量）的差异：T1D Exchange Registry 的 T1D CGM 用户完成了一项在线调查，调查内容包括糖尿病困扰（DDS-2）和共享 CGM 数据（N = 199）。CGM 指标是根据完成调查前 3 个月内的所有可用数据计算得出的。参与者按困扰程度分组：较低（DDS-2 结果：约 39.7% 的参与者表示有较高的糖尿病困扰。韦尔奇 t 检验显示，与困扰程度较低的参与者相比，困扰程度较高的参与者在较高血糖范围（高于 180 毫克/分升和高于 250 毫克/分升）花费的时间明显较多，在目标血糖范围（介于 70 至 180 毫克/分升之间和介于 70 至 140 毫克/分升之间）花费的时间较少，血糖管理指数值较高（p 结论：CGM 用户仍然存在糖尿病困扰：CGM 使用者仍有糖尿病困扰。此外，较高的困扰似乎与高血糖有关。这些发现为更广泛地筛查糖尿病困扰提供了支持。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Diabetic Medicine 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

5.70%

发文量

229

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： Diabetic Medicine, the official journal of Diabetes UK, is published monthly simultaneously, in print and online editions. The journal publishes a range of key information on all clinical aspects of diabetes mellitus, ranging from human genetic studies through clinical physiology and trials to diabetes epidemiology. We do not publish original animal or cell culture studies unless they are part of a study of clinical diabetes involving humans. Categories of publication include research articles, reviews, editorials, commentaries, and correspondence. All material is peer-reviewed. We aim to disseminate knowledge about diabetes research with the goal of improving the management of people with diabetes. The journal therefore seeks to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas between clinicians and researchers worldwide. Topics covered are of importance to all healthcare professionals working with people with diabetes, whether in primary care or specialist services. Surplus generated from the sale of Diabetic Medicine is used by Diabetes UK to know diabetes better and fight diabetes more effectively on behalf of all people affected by and at risk of diabetes as well as their families and carers.”