{"title":"A 0.037 pJ \n \n \n K\n 2\n \n $\\text{K}^2$\n 338 pW temperature sensor based on dynamic leakage-suppression logic","authors":"Hao Li, Zhao Yang, Dezhu Kong, Aiguo Yin, Peiyong Zhang","doi":"10.1049/ell2.13302","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>This letter introduces an ultra-low-power temperature sensor utilizing dynamic leakage-suppression (DLS) logic and thoroughly analyses its working principle. The sensor effectively tackles the weak pull-up challenge inherent in DLS logic ensuring its compatibility with standard digital logic. By capitalizing on the super cut-off attribute of DLS logic, the frontend of the sensor achieves ultra-low power consumption, without compromising on measurement precision or the breadth of the temperature range. The digital part of the proposed utilizes the output frequency of the sensor's frontend as the clock source, in conjunction with an external 50 Hz reference clock, achieving a low overall power consumption. The frontend of the temperature sensor was fabricated using a 180 nm process, occupying a minimal area of 374 <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>μ</mi>\n <msup>\n <mi>m</mi>\n <mn>2</mn>\n </msup>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>${\\mu }\\text{m}^2$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>. The digital part of the circuit is implemented using FPGA. Following a two-point calibration and system error removal, the sensor, operating at a supply voltage of 0.8 V, demonstrated a <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mn>3</mn>\n <mi>δ</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$3\\delta$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> error of <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mo>±</mo>\n <mn>0.54</mn>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$\\pm 0.54$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msup>\n <mrow></mrow>\n <mo>∘</mo>\n </msup>\n <mi>C</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$^\\circ\\text{C}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> across the temperature range of −20 to 125 <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msup>\n <mrow></mrow>\n <mo>∘</mo>\n </msup>\n <mi>C</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$^\\circ\\text{C}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>. At 25 <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msup>\n <mrow></mrow>\n <mo>∘</mo>\n </msup>\n <mi>C</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$^\\circ\\text{C}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, the resolution figure of merit of the sensor was 0.037 pJ <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <msup>\n <mi>K</mi>\n <mn>2</mn>\n </msup>\n <annotation>$\\text{K}^2$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>, with a maximum voltage sensitivity of 4.2 <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msup>\n <mrow></mrow>\n <mo>∘</mo>\n </msup>\n <mtext>C/V</mtext>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$^\\circ\\text{C/V}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.13302","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Electronics Letters","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1049/ell2.13302","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This letter introduces an ultra-low-power temperature sensor utilizing dynamic leakage-suppression (DLS) logic and thoroughly analyses its working principle. The sensor effectively tackles the weak pull-up challenge inherent in DLS logic ensuring its compatibility with standard digital logic. By capitalizing on the super cut-off attribute of DLS logic, the frontend of the sensor achieves ultra-low power consumption, without compromising on measurement precision or the breadth of the temperature range. The digital part of the proposed utilizes the output frequency of the sensor's frontend as the clock source, in conjunction with an external 50 Hz reference clock, achieving a low overall power consumption. The frontend of the temperature sensor was fabricated using a 180 nm process, occupying a minimal area of 374 . The digital part of the circuit is implemented using FPGA. Following a two-point calibration and system error removal, the sensor, operating at a supply voltage of 0.8 V, demonstrated a error of across the temperature range of −20 to 125 . At 25 , the resolution figure of merit of the sensor was 0.037 pJ , with a maximum voltage sensitivity of 4.2 .
期刊介绍:
Electronics Letters is an internationally renowned peer-reviewed rapid-communication journal that publishes short original research papers every two weeks. Its broad and interdisciplinary scope covers the latest developments in all electronic engineering related fields including communication, biomedical, optical and device technologies. Electronics Letters also provides further insight into some of the latest developments through special features and interviews.
Scope
As a journal at the forefront of its field, Electronics Letters publishes papers covering all themes of electronic and electrical engineering. The major themes of the journal are listed below.
Antennas and Propagation
Biomedical and Bioinspired Technologies, Signal Processing and Applications
Control Engineering
Electromagnetism: Theory, Materials and Devices
Electronic Circuits and Systems
Image, Video and Vision Processing and Applications
Information, Computing and Communications
Instrumentation and Measurement
Microwave Technology
Optical Communications
Photonics and Opto-Electronics
Power Electronics, Energy and Sustainability
Radar, Sonar and Navigation
Semiconductor Technology
Signal Processing
MIMO