Desalination of complex saline waters: sulfonated pentablock copolymer pervaporation membranes do not fail when exposed to scalants and surfactants

IF 4.9 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL
Mariana Hernandez Molina , Yusi Li , W. Shane Walker , Rafael Verduzco , Mary Laura Lind , François Perreault
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Abstract

As a vapor pressure-driven process, pervaporation (PV) shares several of the advantages of membrane distillation (MD), such as the ability to tackle high salinity waters and the possibility of integrating low grade heat sources to reduce energy consumption. Membrane scaling and pore wetting remain strong limitations to the implementation of MD desalination. In comparison, dense, non-porous PV membranes are considered. In this study, PV membranes made from NEXARTM, a sulfonated pentablock copolymer, were evaluated and compared to polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) MD membranes in a vacuum configuration. The membranes were tested using three solutions: 32 g L-1 sodium chloride (NaCl), a brackish water (8.4 g L-1) of high scaling potential, and 5.5 g L-1 NaCl with 1 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate. The NEXARTM membrane achieved a permeance of 93.1±44.6 kg m-2 h-1 bar-1 for the 32 g L-1 brine, which was almost 20% higher than the PTFE MD membrane. This permeance decreased in the presence of foulants; however, in contrast with the MD membrane, where scaling and surfactants induced pore wetting, the salt rejection for the NEXARTM PV membrane was constant at >99% for all water types. These results emphasize the robustness of PV as a process to deal with challenging saline waters.

Abstract Image

复杂盐水的脱盐:磺化五嵌段共聚物渗透膜在暴露于脱盐剂和表面活性剂时不会失效
作为一种蒸汽压力驱动的工艺,渗透蒸发(PV)与膜蒸馏(MD)有一些共同的优点,例如能够处理高盐度水域,并有可能整合低品位热源以降低能耗。膜结垢和孔隙润湿仍然是实施 MD 海水淡化的主要限制因素。相比之下,我们考虑了致密、无孔的光伏膜。在这项研究中,对由五嵌段磺化共聚物 NEXARTM 制成的光伏膜进行了评估,并将其与真空配置下的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)MD 膜进行了比较。使用三种溶液对膜进行了测试:32 g L-1 氯化钠 (NaCl)、具有高结垢潜能的苦咸水 (8.4 g L-1) 以及含有 1 mM 十二烷基硫酸钠的 5.5 g L-1 NaCl。NEXARTM 膜对 32 g L-1 盐水的渗透率为 93.1±44.6 kg m-2 h-1 bar-1,比 PTFE MD 膜高出近 20%。然而,与 MD 膜不同的是,NEXARTM PV 膜的盐分去除率在所有类型的水中都保持在 99%。这些结果强调了 PV 作为一种处理具有挑战性的盐水的工艺的稳健性。
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