Expression and Transcriptional Targets of TGFβ-RII in Paracentrotus lividus Larval Skeletogenesis

IF 2.4 4区生物学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

genesis Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI:10.1002/dvg.23614

Daniel Goloe, Tsvia Gildor, Smadar Ben-Tabou de-Leon

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Abstract

Organisms from the five kingdoms of life use minerals to harden their tissues and make teeth, shells and skeletons, in the process of biomineralization. The sea urchin larval skeleton is an excellent system to study the biological regulation of biomineralization and its evolution. The gene regulatory network (GRN) that controls sea urchin skeletogenesis is known in great details and shows similarity to the GRN that controls vertebrates' vascularization while it is quite distinct from the GRN that drives vertebrates' bone formation. Yet, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling regulates both sea urchin and vertebrates' skeletogenesis. Here, we study the upstream regulation and identify transcriptional targets of TGF-β in the Mediterranean Sea urchin species, Paracentrotus lividus. TGF-βRII is transiently active in the skeletogenic cells downstream of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, in P. lividus. Continuous perturbation of TGF-βRII activity significantly impairs skeletal elongation and the expression of key skeletogenic genes. Perturbation of TGF-βRII after skeletal initiation leads to a delay in skeletal elongation and minor changes in gene expression. TGF-β targets are distinct from its transcriptional targets during vertebrates' bone formation, suggesting that the role of TGF-β in biomineralization in these two phyla results from convergent evolution.

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TGFβ-RII 在红腹角雉幼体骨骼发生过程中的表达和转录靶标

在生物矿化过程中，五大生物界的生物都利用矿物质来硬化组织，制造牙齿、贝壳和骨骼。海胆幼虫骨骼是研究生物矿化的生物调控及其进化的绝佳系统。控制海胆骨骼形成的基因调控网络（GRN）已被详细了解，它与控制脊椎动物血管形成的GRN相似，但与驱动脊椎动物骨骼形成的GRN截然不同。然而，转化生长因子β（TGF-β）信号调节着海胆和脊椎动物的骨骼生成。在这里，我们研究了TGF-β在地中海海胆（Paracentrotus lividus）中的上游调控并确定了其转录靶标。在地中海海胆中，TGF-βRII 在血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）信号传导下游的骨骼生成细胞中短暂活跃。对 TGF-βRII 活性的持续干扰会显著影响骨骼伸长和关键骨骼生成基因的表达。在骨骼形成后对 TGF-βRII 进行干扰会导致骨骼伸长延迟和基因表达的轻微变化。TGF-β的靶标与其在脊椎动物骨骼形成过程中的转录靶标不同，这表明TGF-β在这两个门类的生物矿化过程中的作用是趋同进化的结果。

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来源期刊

genesis 生物-发育生物学

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： As of January 2000, Developmental Genetics was renamed and relaunched as genesis: The Journal of Genetics and Development, with a new scope and Editorial Board. The journal focuses on work that addresses the genetics of development and the fundamental mechanisms of embryological processes in animals and plants. With increased awareness of the interplay between genetics and evolutionary change, particularly during developmental processes, we encourage submission of manuscripts from all ecological niches. The expanded numbers of genomes for which sequencing is being completed will facilitate genetic and genomic examination of developmental issues, even if the model system does not fit the “classical genetic” mold. Therefore, we encourage submission of manuscripts from all species. Other areas of particular interest include: 1) the roles of epigenetics, microRNAs and environment on developmental processes; 2) genome-wide studies; 3) novel imaging techniques for the study of gene expression and cellular function; 4) comparative genetics and genomics and 5) animal models of human genetic and developmental disorders. genesis presents reviews, full research articles, short research letters, and state-of-the-art technology reports that promote an understanding of the function of genes and the roles they play in complex developmental processes.