Spraying dsRNA with chitosan formulation improves control of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, in a greenhouse.

IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Falguni Khan, Gahyeon Jin, Yonggyun Kim
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, is a serious pest causing both direct feeding damage and indirect harm by transmitting the tomato spotted wilt virus. A spraying double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeted at the vacuolar-type ATPase (vATPase) gene was developed and demonstrated high insecticidal activity in the laboratory but less effective in field applications. To improve control efficacy under field conditions, three strategies were explored in this study. First, to identify a more efficient RNA interference (RNAi) target, dsRNA specific to the Snf7 gene was tested alongside dsRNA targeting vATPase, and both were found to be similarly effective in controlling the thrips. Second, to elucidate the factors contributing to dsRNA resistance, dsRNA-degrading enzymes were annotated and their physiological roles in diminishing RNAi efficacy were investigated. Third, to suppress the dsRNA degradation from the dsRNase activities and protect it in field conditions, the dsRNA was encapsulated with chitosan. This formulation enhanced the dsRNA's resistance to environmental stressors such as ultraviolet light and the digestive enzymes in the thrips' gut. Additionally, the chitosan formulation specifically increased the RNAi efficacy, likely by facilitating more efficient entry into the target cells, thus bolstering the insecticidal activity of the dsRNA. The formulated dsRNA was applied on F. occidentalis infesting the hot peppers in a greenhouse at a concentration of 500 ppm, demonstrating an 82.4% control efficacy compared with 59.2% control efficacy observed with the application of naked dsRNA. This study further demonstrated an enhancement in the spectrum of control by combining dsRNAs specific to three distinct thrips species, while the mixture showed no adverse effects on non-target insects, such as the lepidopteran Spodoptera exigua. Collectively, these findings reveal that the chitosan formulation of dsRNA not only improves control efficacy under field conditions but also broadens the control spectrum against three different thrips pests.

用壳聚糖制剂喷洒 dsRNA 可改善温室中对西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)的控制。
西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)是一种严重的害虫,既会直接取食造成危害,也会传播番茄斑萎病毒造成间接危害。针对液泡型 ATPase(vATPase)基因开发了一种喷洒型双链 RNA(dsRNA),在实验室中表现出很高的杀虫活性,但在田间应用中效果不佳。为了提高田间条件下的防治效果,本研究探索了三种策略。首先,为了确定更有效的 RNA 干扰(RNAi)靶标,对 Snf7 基因特异性 dsRNA 和 vATPase 靶标 dsRNA 进行了测试,结果发现两者对蓟马的控制效果相似。其次,为了阐明导致 dsRNA 抗性的因素,对 dsRNA 降解酶进行了注释,并研究了它们在降低 RNAi 效力方面的生理作用。第三,为了抑制dsRNA被dsRNase降解,并在田间条件下保护dsRNA,dsRNA被壳聚糖包裹。这种配方增强了 dsRNA 对紫外线和蓟马肠道消化酶等环境压力的抵抗力。此外,壳聚糖制剂还特别提高了 RNAi 的功效,这可能是由于它能更有效地进入靶细胞,从而增强了 dsRNA 的杀虫活性。将配制好的 dsRNA 以 500 ppm 的浓度施用于温室中危害辣椒的 F. occidentalis,其防治效果为 82.4%,而施用裸露 dsRNA 的防治效果为 59.2%。这项研究进一步表明,通过结合针对三种不同蓟马物种的 dsRNA,防治效果有所提高,同时混合物对鳞翅目 Spodoptera exigua 等非目标昆虫没有不良影响。总之,这些研究结果表明,dsRNA 的壳聚糖制剂不仅能提高田间条件下的防治效果,还能扩大对三种不同蓟马害虫的防治谱。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Insect Molecular Biology
Insect Molecular Biology 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.80%
发文量
68
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Insect Molecular Biology has been dedicated to providing researchers with the opportunity to publish high quality original research on topics broadly related to insect molecular biology since 1992. IMB is particularly interested in publishing research in insect genomics/genes and proteomics/proteins. This includes research related to: • insect gene structure • control of gene expression • localisation and function/activity of proteins • interactions of proteins and ligands/substrates • effect of mutations on gene/protein function • evolution of insect genes/genomes, especially where principles relevant to insects in general are established • molecular population genetics where data are used to identify genes (or regions of genomes) involved in specific adaptations • gene mapping using molecular tools • molecular interactions of insects with microorganisms including Wolbachia, symbionts and viruses or other pathogens transmitted by insects Papers can include large data sets e.g.from micro-array or proteomic experiments or analyses of genome sequences done in silico (subject to the data being placed in the context of hypothesis testing).
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