No longer stuck in the past: new advances in artificial intelligence and molecular assays for parasitology screening and diagnosis.

IF 3.6 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI:10.1097/QCO.0000000000001041
Christopher Attaway, Blaine A Mathison, Anisha Misra
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: Emerging technologies are revolutionizing parasitology diagnostics and challenging traditional methods reliant on microscopic analysis or serological confirmation, which are known for their limitations in sensitivity and specificity. This article sheds light on the transformative potential of artificial intelligence and molecular assays in the field, promising more accurate and efficient detection methods.

Recent findings: Artificial intelligence has emerged as a promising tool for blood and stool parasite review, when paired with comprehensive databases and expert oversight result in heightened specificity and sensitivity of diagnoses while also increasing efficiency. Significant strides have been made in nucleic acid testing for multiplex panels for enteric pathogen. Both multiplex and single target panels for Plasmodium , Babesia , filaria, and kinetoplastids have been developed and garnered regulatory approval, notably for blood donor screening in the United States. Additional technologies such as MALDI-TOF, metagenomics, flow cytometry, and CRISPR-Cas are under investigation for their diagnostic utility and are currently in the preliminary stages of research and feasibility assessment.

Summary: Recent implementation of artificial intelligence and digital microscopy has enabled swift smear screening and diagnosis, although widespread implementation remains limited. Simultaneously, molecular assays - both targeted and multiplex panels are promising and have demonstrated promise in numerous studies with some assays securing regulatory approval recently. Additional technologies are under investigation for their diagnostic utility and are compelling avenues for future proof-of-concept diagnostics.

不再停留在过去:用于寄生虫学筛查和诊断的人工智能和分子测定的新进展。
综述的目的:新兴技术正在彻底改变寄生虫学诊断方法,并对依赖显微镜分析或血清学确认的传统方法提出挑战。本文揭示了人工智能和分子检测在该领域的变革潜力,有望提供更准确、更高效的检测方法:人工智能已成为血液和粪便寄生虫检查的一种有前途的工具,与综合数据库和专家监督相结合,可提高诊断的特异性和灵敏度,同时还能提高效率。针对肠道病原体的多重样本核酸检测已取得重大进展。针对疟原虫、巴贝西亚原虫、丝虫和奇异变形虫的多重和单一靶标检测板已经开发出来,并获得了监管部门的批准,特别是在美国用于献血者筛查。其他技术,如 MALDI-TOF、元基因组学、流式细胞术和 CRISPR-Cas 等,正在研究其诊断用途,目前正处于初步研究和可行性评估阶段:近年来,人工智能和数字显微镜的应用使涂片筛查和诊断变得更加快捷,但其广泛应用仍受到限制。与此同时,分子检测--包括靶向检测和多重检测--也大有可为,并已在多项研究中得到证实,其中一些检测方法最近还获得了监管部门的批准。其他技术的诊断用途正在研究之中,是未来概念验证诊断的重要途径。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
2.60%
发文量
121
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: This reader-friendly, bimonthly resource provides a powerful, broad-based perspective on the most important advances from throughout the world literature. Featuring renowned guest editors and focusing exclusively on two topics, every issue of Current Opinion in Infectious Disease delivers unvarnished, expert assessments of developments from the previous year. Insightful editorials and on-the-mark invited reviews cover key subjects such as HIV infection and AIDS; skin and soft tissue infections; respiratory infections; paediatric and neonatal infections; gastrointestinal infections; tropical and travel-associated diseases; and antimicrobial agents.
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