Dynamical large deviations for long-range interacting inhomogeneous systems without collective effects

Abstract

We consider the long-term evolution of a spatially inhomogeneous long-range interacting $N$-body system. Placing ourselves in the dynamically hot limit, i.e., assuming that the system only weakly amplifies perturbations, we derive a large deviation principle for the system's empirical angle-averaged distribution function. This result extends the classical ensemble-averaged kinetic theory given by the so-called inhomogeneous Landau equation, as it specifies the probability of typical and large dynamical fluctuations. We detail the main properties of the associated large deviation Hamiltonian, particularly focusing on how it complies with the system's conservation laws and possesses a gradient structure.