Lake Wellington and West Walker River in Great Basin of western United States: History and genesis

IF 1.9 3区 地球科学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL
STEVEN G. Wesnousky, Brad Sion
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Abstract

Closed basins within the Great Basin of the western United States were home to numerous lakes during the Pleistocene. One of these paleolakes along the western edge of the Great Basin, Lake Wellington, once filled a 10 × 25-km expanse of Smith Valley to depths approaching 90 m. This and other lakes that existed during the Pleistocene are generally considered to be pluvial, indicating contemporaneity with either or all a period of cooler climate, increased rainfall and snowmelt, and relatively reduced rates of evaporation as compared to today. Here we combine the results of 36Cl terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide surface exposure dating with soils and geomorphic observations to suggest Lake Wellington was not a pluvial lake but instead the result of a large landslide prior to ~43 ± 15 ka along the West Walker River where it exited Smith Valley. The observations collected also reveal an ancestral course of the West Walker River ~85 m above the current river grade. Attributing the elevation difference to incision caused by active 0.05 ± 0.01 mm a−1 uplift of the underlying Singatse and assuming the ancestral course followed the same path as today places the age of the paleoriver course at ~1.7 Ma.

美国西部大盆地的惠灵顿湖和西沃克河:历史和起源
美国西部大盆地内的封闭盆地在更新世时期曾有许多湖泊。大盆地西部边缘的这些古湖泊之一--惠灵顿湖曾经填满了史密斯谷 10×25 公里的范围,水深接近 90 米。这个湖泊和更新世时期存在的其他湖泊一般被认为是冲积湖,表明与当时气候凉爽、降雨量和融雪量增加、蒸发率相对降低的时期或所有时期同时存在。在这里,我们将 36Cl 陆地宇宙成因核素地表暴露年代测定结果与土壤和地貌观测结果相结合,表明惠灵顿湖不是一个冲积湖,而是在约 43 ± 15 ka ka 之前沿西沃克河(West Walker River)从史密斯谷(Smith Valley)流出的大型山体滑坡的结果。收集到的观测数据还显示,西沃克河的祖先河道比现在的河道高出约 85 米。将这一高差归因于下层 Singatse 活跃的 0.05 ± 0.01 mm a-1 隆起造成的内切,并假定祖先河道与现在的河道相同,则古河道的年龄为 ~1.7 Ma。
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来源期刊
Journal of Quaternary Science
Journal of Quaternary Science 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
8.70%
发文量
82
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Quaternary Science publishes original papers on any field of Quaternary research, and aims to promote a wider appreciation and deeper understanding of the earth''s history during the last 2.58 million years. Papers from a wide range of disciplines appear in JQS including, for example, Archaeology, Botany, Climatology, Geochemistry, Geochronology, Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics, Glaciology, Limnology, Oceanography, Palaeoceanography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Palaeontology, Soil Science and Zoology. The journal particularly welcomes papers reporting the results of interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary research which are of wide international interest to Quaternary scientists. Short communications and correspondence relating to views and information contained in JQS may also be considered for publication.
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