Creating a minority threat: Assessing the spillover effect of local immigrant detention on Hispanic arrests

IF 4.6 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Ashley N. Muchow
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Abstract

Amid punitive shifts in crime and immigration control during the 1980s and 1990s, Hispanic individuals comprised a growing share of the population confined in U.S. prisons and jails. Although it is widely acknowledged that the nation's wars on crime and drugs contributed to higher rates of minority arrest, limited empirical research has examined whether the merging of immigration control with criminal justice practice during this period intensified these disparities. This article uses county-level arrest data from California between 1980 and 2004 to investigate whether intergovernmental service agreements (IGSAs) leasing jail space for immigrant detention increased rates of Hispanic arrest. Employing a quasi-experimental design that leverages the staggered adoption of IGSAs across counties, this study finds that these agreements increased rates of Hispanic arrest but had no discernible impact on arrest rates for White or Black residents. Supplemental analyses reveal that these increases were driven by misdemeanor arrests and were particularly pronounced in counties where the Hispanic population comprised between 11 and 22 percent. These findings suggest that IGSAs may trigger minority threat concerns that increase arrests, shedding additional light on Hispanic representation in the criminal justice system.

Abstract Image

制造少数民族威胁:评估当地移民拘留对西班牙裔被捕者的溢出效应
20 世纪 80 年代和 90 年代,在犯罪和移民控制的惩罚性转变中,西语裔美国人在美国监狱和囚禁人口中所占的比例越来越大。尽管人们普遍认为,国家对犯罪和毒品的战争导致了少数族裔被捕率的上升,但对这一时期移民控制与刑事司法实践的结合是否加剧了这些差异的实证研究却十分有限。本文利用 1980 年至 2004 年间加利福尼亚州的县级逮捕数据,调查政府间服务协议(IGSA)是否会增加西语裔被捕率。本研究采用准实验设计,利用各县交错采用政府间服务协议的特点,发现这些协议提高了西班牙裔居民的逮捕率,但对白人或黑人居民的逮捕率没有明显影响。补充分析表明,这些增长是由轻罪逮捕推动的,在西班牙裔人口占 11% 至 22% 的县尤其明显。这些研究结果表明,综合全面安全评估可能会引发对少数族裔威胁的担忧,从而增加逮捕人数,并进一步揭示了西班牙裔在刑事司法系统中的代表性。
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来源期刊
Criminology
Criminology CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
6.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: Criminology is devoted to crime and deviant behavior. Disciplines covered in Criminology include: - sociology - psychology - design - systems analysis - decision theory Major emphasis is placed on empirical research and scientific methodology. Criminology"s content also includes articles which review the literature or deal with theoretical issues stated in the literature as well as suggestions for the types of investigation which might be carried out in the future.
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