Quantum entanglement and Bell inequality violation at colliders

IF 14.5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, NUCLEAR

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI:10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104134

Alan J. Barr , Marco Fabbrichesi , Roberto Floreanini , Emidio Gabrielli , Luca Marzola

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The study of entanglement in particle physics has been gathering pace in the past few years. It is a new field that is providing important results about the possibility of detecting entanglement and testing Bell inequality at colliders for final states as diverse as top-quark, $τ$ -lepton pairs and $Λ$ -baryons, massive gauge bosons and vector mesons. In this review, after presenting definitions, tools and basic results that are necessary for understanding these developments, we summarize the main findings—as published by the beginning of year 2024—including analyses of experimental data in $B$ meson decays and top-quark pair production. We include a detailed discussion of the results for both qubit and qutrits systems, that is, final states containing spin one-half and spin one particles. Entanglement has also been proposed as a new tool to constrain new particles and fields beyond the Standard Model and we introduce the reader to this promising feature as well.

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对撞机上的量子纠缠与贝尔不等式违反

在过去几年里，粒子物理学中的纠缠研究一直在加快步伐。这是一个新领域，它提供了在对撞机上探测纠缠的可能性和检验贝尔不等式的重要结果，其最终状态多种多样，如顶夸克、τ-轻子对和Λ-重子、大质量规管玻色子和矢量介子。在这篇综述中，在介绍了理解这些发展所必需的定义、工具和基本结果之后，我们总结了到2024年初发表的主要发现，包括对B介子衰变和顶夸克对产生的实验数据的分析。我们详细讨论了量子比特和量子三系统的结果，即包含自旋二分之一和自旋一粒子的最终态。纠缠还被提出作为一种新工具，用于约束标准模型之外的新粒子和新场，我们也将向读者介绍这一前景广阔的特征。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics 物理-物理：核物理

CiteScore

24.50

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

72 days

期刊介绍： Taking the format of four issues per year, the journal Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics aims to discuss new developments in the field at a level suitable for the general nuclear and particle physicist and, in greater technical depth, to explore the most important advances in these areas. Most of the articles will be in one of the fields of nuclear physics, hadron physics, heavy ion physics, particle physics, as well as astrophysics and cosmology. A particular effort is made to treat topics of an interface type for which both particle and nuclear physics are important. Related topics such as detector physics, accelerator physics or the application of nuclear physics in the medical and archaeological fields will also be treated from time to time.