Impact of sheetali pranayama with kumbhaka on blood pressure and cerebrovascular hemodynamics in patients with hypertension: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100078

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Abstract

Background

Hypertension is associated with sympathetic dominance and altered cerebrovascular structure, which in turn reduces cerebral blood flow. Literature suggests Sheetali pranayama reduces blood pressure and Kumbhaka (breath retention) increases cerebral blood flow. However, no studies reported effect of Sheetali with Kumbhaka on blood pressure and cerebrovascular hemodynamics. Thus, the objective of this study was to find the impact of Sheetali pranayama with Kumbhaka on blood pressure and cerebrovascular hemodynamics in patients with hypertension.

Materials and methods

Twenty-four patients with hypertension aged 30–65 years were randomly allocated into pranayama group and control group. The pranayama group underwent Sheetali pranayama with Kumbhaka (with the ratio of 1:2:2; Inhalation; Kumbhaka: Exhalation respectively), whereas the control group underwent breath awareness for 10 minutes. Blood pressure and cerebrovascular hemodynamic were assessed before and after each intervention.

Results

Results showed a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p=0.049) in the pranayama group compared to control group. Likewise, within-group analysis showed a significant reduction in SBP (p = 0.002) and DBP (p = 0.007) in pranayama group; a significant reduction in SBP (p = 0.020) in control group; and no significant changes in rest of the variables in the post-test assessments compared to its respective pre-test assessments.

Conclusion

Ten minutes of Sheetali pranayama with Kumbhaka reduces blood pressure compared to breath awareness, without affecting the cerebrovascular hemodynamics in patients with hypertension.

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带有 kumbhaka 的 sheetali 调息法对高血压患者血压和脑血管血流动力学的影响：随机对照试验

背景高血压与交感神经支配和脑血管结构改变有关，这反过来又会减少脑血流量。文献表明，Sheetali 呼吸法能降低血压，Kumbhaka（屏气）能增加脑血流量。然而，没有研究报告称 Sheetali 和 Kumbhaka 对血压和脑血管血流动力学有影响。因此，本研究的目的是找出带有 Kumbhaka 的 Sheetali 调息法对高血压患者血压和脑血管血流动力学的影响。调息法组进行 Sheetali 调息法和 Kumbhaka 调息法（比例分别为 1:2:2；吸气；Kumbhaka：呼气），对照组进行 10 分钟的呼吸感知。结果显示，与对照组相比，调息组的收缩压（SBP）显著降低（P=0.049）。同样，组内分析显示，调息法组的收缩压（SBP）（p=0.002）和舒张压（DBP）（p=0.007）明显降低；对照组的收缩压（SBP）（p=0.020）明显降低；与各自的测试前评估相比，测试后评估的其他变量无明显变化。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative

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