Exploring disease dynamics of acute diarrhoeal disease in cold desert Ladakh-India: A geographical analysis

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Aijaz Ahmad Khanday , G.M. Rather , Mushtaq Ahmad Kumar , Adnan Hussain Lone
{"title":"Exploring disease dynamics of acute diarrhoeal disease in cold desert Ladakh-India: A geographical analysis","authors":"Aijaz Ahmad Khanday ,&nbsp;G.M. Rather ,&nbsp;Mushtaq Ahmad Kumar ,&nbsp;Adnan Hussain Lone","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101741","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Aim</h3><p>Acute Diarrhoeal disease (ADD) has a significant impact on public health and is the most common cause of mortality and morbidity<strong>.</strong> The present study attempts to study the spatiotemporal distribution of incidences of ADD and also tries to identify the geographical risk factors by associating socioeconomic and environmental factors with the prevalence of ADD.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study conducted micro-level analysis in 24 randomly chosen villages, representing 5 % of Ladakh's medical blocks, to gather household data on diarrhoeal diseases, encompassing demographic, socio-economic, and residential environmental factors. Our dataset combines primary and secondary data. We utilized binary logistic regression to evaluate associations between these factors and diarrhoeal disease prevalence.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Spatio-temporal analysis in Ladakh's medical blocks revealed significant variations in diarrhoeal disease incidence, with Leh district showing higher rates compared to Kargil. The under-14 age group exhibited the highest ADD incidence (163.46 per 1000 persons), followed by the over-59 age group (43.73) and the 14–59 age group (8.90), with an overall prevalence rate of 38.91 per 1000 population. Factors such as education levels, household income, sewage drainage facilities, residential environment, and drinking water sources showed statistically significant associations with diarrhoea prevalence among surveyed households of Ladakh.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This research highlights the importance of addressing environmental and socio-economic determinants to mitigate the burden of diarrhoeal diseases in Ladakh. Effective interventions targeting improved sanitation, access to clean water, and socio-economic development are crucial for reducing diarrhoeal disease prevalence in the region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002379/pdfft?md5=73e26839416bceb19a29f72e14d49433&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002379-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002379","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background/Aim

Acute Diarrhoeal disease (ADD) has a significant impact on public health and is the most common cause of mortality and morbidity. The present study attempts to study the spatiotemporal distribution of incidences of ADD and also tries to identify the geographical risk factors by associating socioeconomic and environmental factors with the prevalence of ADD.

Methods

This cross-sectional study conducted micro-level analysis in 24 randomly chosen villages, representing 5 % of Ladakh's medical blocks, to gather household data on diarrhoeal diseases, encompassing demographic, socio-economic, and residential environmental factors. Our dataset combines primary and secondary data. We utilized binary logistic regression to evaluate associations between these factors and diarrhoeal disease prevalence.

Results

Spatio-temporal analysis in Ladakh's medical blocks revealed significant variations in diarrhoeal disease incidence, with Leh district showing higher rates compared to Kargil. The under-14 age group exhibited the highest ADD incidence (163.46 per 1000 persons), followed by the over-59 age group (43.73) and the 14–59 age group (8.90), with an overall prevalence rate of 38.91 per 1000 population. Factors such as education levels, household income, sewage drainage facilities, residential environment, and drinking water sources showed statistically significant associations with diarrhoea prevalence among surveyed households of Ladakh.

Conclusions

This research highlights the importance of addressing environmental and socio-economic determinants to mitigate the burden of diarrhoeal diseases in Ladakh. Effective interventions targeting improved sanitation, access to clean water, and socio-economic development are crucial for reducing diarrhoeal disease prevalence in the region.

探索印度拉达克寒冷沙漠地区急性腹泻病的发病动态:地理分析
背景/目的 急性腹泻病(ADD)对公共卫生有重大影响,是最常见的死亡和发病原因。本研究试图研究急性腹泻病发病率的时空分布,并试图通过将社会经济和环境因素与急性腹泻病发病率联系起来来确定地理风险因素。方法这项横断面研究在随机选择的 24 个村庄(占拉达克医疗区的 5%)进行了微观分析,以收集有关腹泻病的家庭数据,包括人口、社会经济和居住环境因素。我们的数据集结合了原始数据和二手数据。我们利用二元逻辑回归评估了这些因素与腹泻病发病率之间的关联。结果拉达克医疗区的时空分析显示,腹泻病发病率存在显著差异,与卡吉尔相比,列县的发病率更高。14 岁以下年龄组的腹泻发病率最高(每千人 163.46 例),其次是 59 岁以上年龄组(43.73 例)和 14-59 岁年龄组(8.90 例),总发病率为每千人 38.91 例。在拉达克接受调查的家庭中,教育水平、家庭收入、污水排放设施、居住环境和饮用水源等因素与腹泻发病率有显著的统计学关联。针对改善环境卫生、获得清洁水和社会经济发展的有效干预措施对于降低该地区腹泻疾病的发病率至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
7.70%
发文量
218
审稿时长
66 days
期刊介绍: Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health (CEGH) is a multidisciplinary journal and it is published four times (March, June, September, December) a year. The mandate of CEGH is to promote articles on clinical epidemiology with focus on developing countries in the context of global health. We also accept articles from other countries. It publishes original research work across all disciplines of medicine and allied sciences, related to clinical epidemiology and global health. The journal publishes Original articles, Review articles, Evidence Summaries, Letters to the Editor. All articles published in CEGH are peer-reviewed and published online for immediate access and citation.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信