Old oaks show increasing growth synchrony after pollarding cessation as climate becomes more arid

IF 3.7 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY
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Abstract

Pollarded oak woodlands have been historically managed by people to produce firewood and timber. Pruning cessation and climate warming could contribute to their decline, especially in southern Europe under ongoing aridification. Widespread pollarding abandonment could make oaks more responsive to drought stress and increase between-site growth synchrony. To fill this research gap, we compared the basal area increment (BAI) trends and the responses of growth indices to climate variables and a drought index of formerly pollarded oak stands (five stands of Quercus faginea, one stand of Q. humilis) located in northern and eastern Spain. Radial growth indices were correlated with monthly climate variables (mean maximum and minimum temperatures, precipitation) and a multiscalar drought index. BAI was also projected based on recent trends to forecast stands viability in the 21st century. Major growth suppressions (MGS), which were attributed to pollarding, were reconstructed using dendrochronology. Wet-cool conditions from prior winter to current early summer improved oak growth. Year-to-year growth synchrony has increased since 1850 as summer conditions became more arid, but BAI did not significantly decline in four out of the six study sites. Synchrony among sites regarding MGS was low indicating a high spatial variability in oak pollarding. The strongest BAI decline was observed in La Guarguera site, where growth cessation was forecasted in the mid-21st century. In contrast, BAI data suggested strong growth improvement in sites Campillo de Dueñas and Valsalobre, which were pollarded in the 1960–1970s. These findings confirm that pollarding is a suitable management tool to keep vigorous old oak stands under more arid climate conditions.

随着气候越来越干旱,老橡树在停止授粉后显示出越来越高的生长同步性
历史上,人们一直对栎树林地进行管理,以生产木柴和木材。停止修剪和气候变暖可能会导致橡树减少,尤其是在持续干旱化的南欧。大面积放弃授粉会使橡树对干旱压力的反应更加灵敏,并增加不同地点之间的生长同步性。为了填补这一研究空白,我们比较了位于西班牙北部和东部的曾被授粉的栎树林(5 个栎树林,1 个栎树林)的基部面积增量(BAI)趋势以及生长指数对气候变量和干旱指数的反应。径向生长指数与月度气候变量(平均最高和最低温度、降水量)和多月干旱指数相关。还根据近期趋势预测了 BAI,以预测 21 世纪林木的生存能力。利用树枝年代学重建了主要生长抑制 (MGS),这是由于授粉造成的。从冬季到初夏的湿冷条件改善了橡树的生长。自 1850 年以来,随着夏季条件变得更加干旱,年与年之间的生长同步性有所提高,但在六个研究地点中,有四个地点的 BAI 没有显著下降。各研究地点在 MGS 方面的同步性很低,这表明橡树授粉的空间变异性很大。在拉瓜尔盖拉(La Guarguera)观测点观察到的 BAI 下降幅度最大,预计该观测点将在 21 世纪中期停止生长。与此相反,BAI 数据表明,1960-1970 年代进行过人工授粉的 Campillo de Dueñas 和 Valsalobre 两个地点的栎树生长状况明显好转。这些研究结果证实,在气候更加干旱的条件下,授粉是保持古老橡树林旺盛生命力的合适管理手段。
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来源期刊
Forest Ecology and Management
Forest Ecology and Management 农林科学-林学
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
10.80%
发文量
665
审稿时长
39 days
期刊介绍: Forest Ecology and Management publishes scientific articles linking forest ecology with forest management, focusing on the application of biological, ecological and social knowledge to the management and conservation of plantations and natural forests. The scope of the journal includes all forest ecosystems of the world. A peer-review process ensures the quality and international interest of the manuscripts accepted for publication. The journal encourages communication between scientists in disparate fields who share a common interest in ecology and forest management, bridging the gap between research workers and forest managers. We encourage submission of papers that will have the strongest interest and value to the Journal''s international readership. Some key features of papers with strong interest include: 1. Clear connections between the ecology and management of forests; 2. Novel ideas or approaches to important challenges in forest ecology and management; 3. Studies that address a population of interest beyond the scale of single research sites, Three key points in the design of forest experiments, Forest Ecology and Management 255 (2008) 2022-2023); 4. Review Articles on timely, important topics. Authors are welcome to contact one of the editors to discuss the suitability of a potential review manuscript. The Journal encourages proposals for special issues examining important areas of forest ecology and management. Potential guest editors should contact any of the Editors to begin discussions about topics, potential papers, and other details.
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