Pathogenicity and compatibility studies of native Tolypocladium inflatum and Clonostachys krabiensis against Tetranychus urticae

IF 1.7 3区农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Applied Entomology Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI:10.1111/jen.13339

Aditya Singh Ranout, Rupinder Kaur, Rahul Kumar, Gireesh Nadda

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The twospotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a major pest of field and greenhouse crops leading to qualitative and quantitative losses. Various chemical‐based acaricides are being used for its management that pose risks to human health, environment and non‐targeted organisms besides the development of resistance and resurgence of the pests. Therefore, alternative mite management practices are being promoted and implemented. Amongst them, entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) like Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium spp. are being used globally, although new alternative EPF are required. Keeping this in mind, the present study was comprehended to determine the pathogenicity of native EPF, viz., Tolypocladium inflatum (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) and Clonostachys krabiensis (Hypocreales: Bionectriaceae) against different life stages of TSSM under laboratory conditions. The results indicated that adults are more vulnerable to studied fungi followed by nymphs and eggs of TSSM. The combined application of T. inflatum and C. krabiensis was significantly effective in controlling TSSM adults (99.33%) followed by T. inflatum (93.34%) and C. krabiensis (85.33%). According to the probit analysis, the combined application of studied EPF was found to be more effective against TSSM adults (LC50 = 6.72 × 104 conidia/mL) followed by T. inflatum (LC50 = 1.92 × 106 conidia/mL) and C. krabiensis (LC50 = 7.90 × 106 conidia/mL). All three treatments at higher concentrations significantly reduced the adult and nymph populations. Morphological investigations using scanning electron microscopy revealed the successful conidial adhesion, germination and penetration of native T. inflatum and C. krabiensis conidia on TSSM adults. Thus, the acaricidal potential of isolated native fungi can further be explored for developing fungal‐based formulations for the sustainable management of mites.

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本地 Tolypocladium inflatum 和 Clonostachys krabiensis 对荨麻蠹蛾的致病性和兼容性研究

双斑蜘蛛螨（TSSM），Tetranychus urticae Koch（Acari: Tetranychidae）是田间和温室作物的主要害虫，会造成质量和数量上的损失。目前使用的各种化学杀螨剂除了会产生抗药性和害虫死灰复燃外，还会对人类健康、环境和非目标生物造成危害。因此，目前正在推广和实施替代性螨虫管理方法。其中，昆虫病原真菌（EPF）如 Beauveria bassiana 和 Metarhizium spp.考虑到这一点，本研究旨在确定本地 EPF，即 Tolypocladium inflatum（Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae）和 Clonostachys krabiensis（Hypocreales: Bionectriaceae）在实验室条件下对不同生命阶段的 TSSM 的致病性。结果表明，成虫更容易受到所研究真菌的侵害，其次是天牛的若虫和卵。联合施用 T. inflatum 和 C. krabiensis 能显著有效地控制 TSSM 成虫（99.33%），其次是 T. inflatum（93.34%）和 C. krabiensis（85.33%）。根据 probit 分析，发现联合施用所研究的 EPF 对 TSSM 成虫更有效（LC50 = 6.72 × 104 分生孢子/毫升），其次是 T. inflatum（LC50 = 1.92 × 106 分生孢子/毫升）和 C. krabiensis（LC50 = 7.90 × 106 分生孢子/毫升）。浓度较高的三种处理方法都能显著减少成虫和若虫数量。使用扫描电子显微镜进行的形态学调查显示，本地 T. inflatum 和 C. krabiensis 分生孢子成功粘附、发芽并穿透了 TSSM 成虫。因此，可以进一步探索分离的本地真菌的杀螨潜力，以开发基于真菌的配方，实现对螨虫的可持续管理。

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来源期刊

Journal of Applied Entomology 生物-昆虫学

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

5.30%

发文量

132

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Applied Entomology publishes original articles on current research in applied entomology, including mites and spiders in terrestrial ecosystems. Submit your next manuscript for rapid publication: the average time is currently 6 months from submission to publication. With Journal of Applied Entomology''s dynamic article-by-article publication process, Early View, fully peer-reviewed and type-set articles are published online as soon as they complete, without waiting for full issue compilation.