State and Trait Disgust Uniquely Predict Avoidance in Contamination Fear: Specificity of Disease-Specific and Nonspecific Individual Differences

IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY
Bunmi O. Olatunji, Qimin Liu, Kelly A. Knowles, Sarah C. Jessup
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Although behavioral avoidance is observed among those with heightened contamination concerns, the extent to which such avoidance is best predicted by state and/or trait characteristics is unclear. Furthermore, while disgust proneness is a disease-specific trait that has been shown to predict avoidance among those with symptoms of contamination-based obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), it is unclear if other disease-specific traits may also serve a similar function. In the present study, contamination-fearful participants (N = 89) first completed self-report measures of disease-specific (disgust proneness, health anxiety, perceived vulnerability to disease) and disease-nonspecific (intolerance of uncertainty, trait anxiety) traits. They then completed a 16-step behavioral approach task (BAT) with increasing likelihood of contagion in a public restroom and provided ratings of state disgust and state anxiety at each step. Bayesian hierarchical logistic regression showed that state disgust, but not state anxiety, at a given step was associated with avoidance on the next step. Furthermore, disgust proneness was the only trait associated with avoidance on the BAT. A significant interaction between disgust proneness and BAT step completed in the public restroom was also found. Examination of this interaction suggests that intermediary, but not initial and latter, steps of the BAT differentiate those high and low in disgust proneness. These findings suggest that state and trait disgust uniquely drive behavioral avoidance among those with contamination concerns commonly observed in OCD.
状态和特质厌恶能独特预测污染恐惧中的回避:疾病特异性和非特异性个体差异的特异性
虽然在那些高度关注污染的人群中观察到行为回避,但这种回避在多大程度上是由状态和/或特征来预测的尚不清楚。此外,虽然厌恶倾向是一种疾病特异性特征,已被证明可以预测那些有污染性强迫症(OCD)症状的人的回避,但尚不清楚其他疾病特异性特征是否也有类似的功能。在本研究中,污染恐惧的参与者(N = 89)首先完成了疾病特异性(厌恶倾向、健康焦虑、对疾病的感知脆弱性)和疾病非特异性(不确定性耐受、特质焦虑)特征的自我报告测量。然后,他们完成了一个16步的行为方法任务(BAT),在公共厕所里增加了传染的可能性,并在每一步提供了状态厌恶和状态焦虑的评级。贝叶斯层次逻辑回归表明,在某一步骤中,状态厌恶与下一步的回避相关,而不是状态焦虑。此外,厌恶倾向是唯一与BAT回避相关的特征。厌恶倾向与在公厕完成的BAT步骤之间存在显著的交互作用。对这种相互作用的检验表明,BAT的中间步骤而不是初始步骤和后期步骤区分了厌恶倾向的高低。这些研究结果表明,状态和特质厌恶是强迫症中常见的污染担忧的唯一驱动行为回避的因素。
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来源期刊
Behavior Therapy
Behavior Therapy Multiple-
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
2.70%
发文量
113
审稿时长
121 days
期刊介绍: Behavior Therapy is a quarterly international journal devoted to the application of the behavioral and cognitive sciences to the conceptualization, assessment, and treatment of psychopathology and related clinical problems. It is intended for mental health professionals and students from all related disciplines who wish to remain current in these areas and provides a vehicle for scientist-practitioners and clinical scientists to report the results of their original empirical research. Although the major emphasis is placed upon empirical research, methodological and theoretical papers as well as evaluative reviews of the literature will also be published. Controlled single-case designs and clinical replication series are welcome.
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