Investigating the biological activity and biofilm inhibition of purified Pichia kudriavzevii killer toxin (PkKt) against pathogenic bacterial as a promising substance for food preservation

IF 0.7 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES
Naji Hasan Noor, Ali Shafiq Shatha, AkramThabit Zaid
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Abstract

Killer toxins (PkKT) produced by yeasts exhibit antimicrobial effects against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. This study aimed to extract, purify, and characterize the killer toxin from Pichia kudriavzevii killer toxin (PkKT) and evaluate its antimicrobial and anti-biofilm potential. PkKT was produced as a killer toxins and was purified through ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. The purified PkKT showed a molecular weight of 36 kDa. Antimicrobial testing revealed significant inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans using well diffusion assays. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged from 16-128 ?g/mL, while the sub-MIC was determined to be 8-64 ?g/mL depending on the pathogen. At sub-MIC levels, PkKT exhibited a 66-89% reduction of biofilm formation in all tested species. S. aureus, S. pyogenes, and A. baumannii showed the highest MIC of 128 and 64 ?g/mL sub-MIC, while E. coli and K. pneumoniae were most susceptible with MIC of 16 ?g/mL and sub-MIC of 8 ?g/mL. In conclusion, the purified PkKT toxin displayed broad-spectrum antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities against common healthcare-associated pathogens. These findings reveal the potential of PkKT as a therapeutic agent to prevent or treat biofilm-associated infections.  
研究纯化的 Pichia kudriavzevii 杀手毒素(PkKt)对病原菌的生物活性和生物膜抑制作用,作为一种有前途的食品保鲜物质
酵母菌产生的杀手毒素(PkKT)对致病细菌和真菌有抗菌作用。本研究旨在提取、纯化和鉴定 Pichia kudriavzevii 杀手毒素(PkKT),并评估其抗菌和抗生物膜的潜力。PkKT 是一种杀手毒素,通过硫酸铵沉淀、离子交换色谱和凝胶过滤进行纯化。纯化后的 PkKT 分子量为 36 kDa。抗菌测试表明,利用井扩散试验,PkKT 对金黄色葡萄球菌、化脓性链球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌和白色念珠菌有明显抑制作用。根据病原体的不同,最低抑菌浓度 (MIC) 为 16-128 微克/毫升,亚 MIC 为 8-64 微克/毫升。在亚 MIC 浓度下,PkKT 可使所有受测物种的生物膜形成减少 66-89%。金黄色葡萄球菌、化脓性葡萄球菌和鲍曼不动杆菌的 MIC 值最高,分别为 128 和 64 微克/毫升,而大肠杆菌和肺炎双球菌的 MIC 值最高,分别为 16 微克/毫升和 8 微克/毫升。总之,纯化的 PkKT 毒素对常见的医疗相关病原体具有广谱抗菌和抗生物膜活性。这些发现揭示了 PkKT 作为一种治疗剂预防或治疗生物膜相关感染的潜力。
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来源期刊
Plant Science Today
Plant Science Today PLANT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
11.10%
发文量
177
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