Unveiling antibiotic residue contamination: assessing yak, dzomo, and hill cattle milk from himalayan region through QuEChERS-HPLC approach and health risk assessment

IF 2.701
Richa Negi, Atul Kumar, Pallavi Bhardwaj
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Abstract

Milk obtained from Yaks, yak hybrid (Dzomo) and hill cattle (Gauri) is major source of nutrients for people inhabiting Himalayas. In present study, QuEChERS approach together with HPLC-UV was used for detection and quantification of tetracycline residues in 170 raw milk samples of hill cattle (60), dzomo (58) and yaks (52) collected from high altitude regions of Himachal Pradesh, a Western Himalayan state of India. The method validated as per European Commission’s guidelines was found to be linear (R2 > 0.99), accurate (recoveries: 80%~90%) precise (RSD ~ 10%) with LOD of 0.55 and 1.37 ng/mL for tetracycline and oxytetracycline, respectively. Antibiotics were detected in 8 samples, with only 3 samples exceeding MRLs. Hazard Index values for exposure to detected antibiotic residues in milk were below 1 suggesting that the population is likely protected from acute health risks associated with such exposure. However, for children, % contribution to acceptable daily intakes of antibiotics only through milk was found to be high indicating probable risks. Therefore, ongoing monitoring and adherence to regulatory standards are important to ensure the safety of milk and other food products. There is also a need to educate farmers and improve their perception about antibiotics and their usage to safeguard consumer’s health.

Abstract Image

揭开抗生素残留污染的神秘面纱:通过 QuEChERS-HPLC 方法和健康风险评估,对喜马拉雅地区的牦牛奶、卓玛奶和山牛乳进行评估
牦牛、杂交牦牛(Dzomo)和山牛(Gauri)产的奶是喜马拉雅地区居民的主要营养来源。本研究采用QuEChERS方法联合高效液相色谱-紫外分光光度法对采集自印度喜马偕尔邦高海拔地区的170头山牛(60头)、dzomo(58头)和牦牛(52头)原料奶中的四环素残留进行了检测和定量。结果表明,该方法线性(R2 > 0.99)、准确(回收率80%~90%)、精确(RSD ~ 10%),检测限分别为0.55和1.37 ng/mL。8份样品检出抗生素,仅有3份样品超过MRLs。暴露于牛奶中检测到的抗生素残留的危害指数值低于1,这表明人口可能不会受到与这种暴露有关的急性健康风险的保护。然而,对于儿童来说,仅通过牛奶摄入抗生素对可接受的每日摄入量的贡献率很高,表明可能存在风险。因此,持续监测和遵守监管标准对于确保牛奶和其他食品的安全至关重要。还需要对农民进行教育,提高他们对抗生素及其使用的认识,以保障消费者的健康。
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期刊介绍: The Journal of Food Science and Technology (JFST) is the official publication of the Association of Food Scientists and Technologists of India (AFSTI). This monthly publishes peer-reviewed research papers and reviews in all branches of science, technology, packaging and engineering of foods and food products. Special emphasis is given to fundamental and applied research findings that have potential for enhancing product quality, extend shelf life of fresh and processed food products and improve process efficiency. Critical reviews on new perspectives in food handling and processing, innovative and emerging technologies and trends and future research in food products and food industry byproducts are also welcome. The journal also publishes book reviews relevant to all aspects of food science, technology and engineering.
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