Optimizing Dilithium Implementation with AVX2/-512

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS

ACS Applied Bio Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI:10.1145/3687309

Runqing Xu, Debiao He, Min Luo, Cong Peng, Xiangyong Zeng

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Abstract

Dilithium is a signature scheme that is currently being standardized to the Module-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Standard by NIST. It is believed to be secure even against attacks from large-scale quantum computers based on lattice problems. The implementation efficiency is important for promoting the migration of current cryptography algorithms to post-quantum cryptography algorithms. In this paper, we optimize the implementation of Dilithium with several new approaches proposed. Firstly, we improve the efficiency of parallel NTT implementations. The overhead of shuffling operations is reduced in our implementations, and fewer loading instructions are invoked for the precomputations. Then, we optimize the sampling and bit-packing of polynomial coefficients in Dilithium. We can handle double the number of coefficients within one register using a new approach for the sampling of secret key polynomials. The approaches proposed in this paper are applicable to implementations under AVX2 and AVX-512 instruction sets. Take Dilithium2 as an illustration, our AVX2 implementation demonstrates improvements of 22.7%, 16.9%, and 13.5% for KeyGen, Sign, and Verify compared to the previous implementation.

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利用 AVX2/-512 优化 Dilithium 实施

Dilithium 是一种签名方案，目前正被美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）标准化为基于模块晶格的数字签名标准。据信，即使面对来自基于晶格问题的大规模量子计算机的攻击，它也是安全的。实现效率对于促进当前加密算法向后量子加密算法的迁移非常重要。本文提出了几种新方法来优化 Dilithium 的实现。首先，我们提高了并行 NTT 实现的效率。在我们的实现中，洗牌操作的开销减少了，预计算所调用的加载指令也减少了。然后，我们优化了 Dilithium 中多项式系数的采样和位打包。我们使用一种新的密钥多项式采样方法，可以在一个寄存器内处理双倍数量的系数。本文提出的方法适用于 AVX2 和 AVX-512 指令集下的实现。以 Dilithium2 为例，与之前的实现相比，我们的 AVX2 实现在密钥生成、签名和验证方面分别提高了 22.7%、16.9% 和 13.5%。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

2.10%

发文量

464

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Bio Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of biomaterials and biointerfaces including and beyond the traditional biosensing, biomedical and therapeutic applications. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important bio applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses the relationship between structure and function and assesses the stability and degradation of materials under relevant environmental and biological conditions.