COVID-19 vaccination and postmenopausal bleeding: a retrospective cohort study.

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q1 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Climacteric Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI:10.1080/13697137.2024.2385360

Lucía Pastor-Goutherot, Ester Miralpeix, Berta Fabregó, Laia Serrano, Adrián Vizoso, Josep-Maria Solé-Sedeño, Gemma Mancebo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: COVID-19 vaccination has been related to menstrual irregularities; however, the effect on postmenopausal women is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) after COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Gynecology in Hospital del Mar. Consecutive postmenopausal women with data available and endometrial biopsy were included between February 2021 and January 2022. Patients were stratified between COVID-19 vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. PMB after 30 days from last vaccine dose was considered unrelated to vaccine. Endometrial pathology diagnoses were stratified into benign or malignant. Univariable and multivariable of regression analysis on variables potentially associated with PMB was performed.

Results: A total of 381 patients were included, 91 in the vaccinated group and 290 in the unvaccinated group. Prevalence of PMB in the vaccinated group was 75.8% compared to 59.0% in the unvaccinated group (p < 0.005). No increase in endometrial malignant pathology was observed among the vaccinated group (p = 0.189). Multivariable analysis that correlates factors associated with PMB suggests COVID-19 vaccine and malignant endometrial biopsy as independent risk variables.

Conclusions: A higher prevalence of PMB was associated with COVID-19 vaccine. Endometrial histological results showed no association with COVID-19 vaccination, but endometrial biopsy should be performed for PMB.

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COVID-19 疫苗接种与绝经后出血：一项回顾性队列研究。

目的：接种 COVID-19 疫苗与月经不调有关，但对绝经后妇女的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在分析接种 COVID-19 疫苗后绝经后出血 (PMB) 的发生率：方法：在德尔马医院妇科进行了一项回顾性研究。研究纳入了 2021 年 2 月至 2022 年 1 月间连续接受子宫内膜活检并有相关数据的绝经后妇女。患者分为接种 COVID-19 疫苗组和未接种组。最后一次接种疫苗30天后出现的PMB被认为与疫苗无关。子宫内膜病理诊断分为良性和恶性。对可能与 PMB 相关的变量进行了单变量和多变量回归分析：共纳入 381 名患者，其中接种疫苗组 91 人，未接种疫苗组 290 人。接种疫苗组的 PMB 患病率为 75.8%，而未接种疫苗组为 59.0%（P = 0.189）。与PMB相关因素的多变量分析表明，COVID-19疫苗和恶性子宫内膜活检是独立的风险变量：结论：PMB发病率较高与COVID-19疫苗有关。子宫内膜组织学结果显示与接种COVID-19疫苗无关，但PMB应进行子宫内膜活检。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Climacteric 医学-妇产科学

CiteScore

1.70

自引率

7.10%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Climacteric is the official journal of the International Menopause Society (IMS). As an international peer-reviewed journal it publishes original research and reviews of all aspects of aging in women. Climacteric was founded by the IMS in 1998 and today has become a leading journal in the publication of peer-reviewed papers on the menopause, climacteric and mid-life health. Topics covered include endocrine changes, symptoms attributed to the menopause and their treatment, hormone replacement and alternative therapies, lifestyles, and the counselling and education of peri- and postmenopausal women. Climacteric, published bimonthly, also features regular invited reviews, editorials and commentaries on recent developments. The editorial review board of Climacteric includes leading scientific and clinical experts in the field of midlife medicine and research and is headed by its Editor-in-Chief, Professor Rod Baber of Australia. He and his team of Associate Editors act independently to set a clear editorial policy, co-ordinate peer review, and ensure a rapid response to submitted papers.