{"title":"Gut microbiota and immunosenescence in cancer","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cancer is generally defined as a disease of aging. With aging, the composition, diversity and functional characteristics of the gut microbiota occur changes, with a decline of beneficial commensal microbes triggered by intrinsic and extrinsic factors (e.g., diet, drugs and chronic health conditions). Nowadays, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is recognized as a hallmark of cancer. At the same time, aging is accompanied by changes in innate and adaptive immunity, known as immunosenescence, as well as chronic low-grade inflammation, known as inflammaging. The elevated cancer incidence and mortality in the elderly are linked with aging-associated alterations in the gut microbiota that elicit systemic metabolic alterations, leading to immune dysregulation with potentially tumorigenic effects. The gut microbiota and immunosenescence might both affect the response to treatment in cancer patients. In-depth understanding of age-associated alterations in the gut microbiota and immunity will shed light on the risk of cancer development and progression in the elderly. Here, we describe the aging-associated changes of the gut microbiota in cancer, and review the evolving understanding of the gut microbiota-targeted intervention strategies. Furthermore, we summarize the knowledge on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of immunosenescence and its impact on cancer. Finally, we discuss the latest knowledge about the relationships between gut microbiota and immunosenescence, with implications for cancer therapy. Intervention strategies targeting the gut microbiota may attenuate inflammaging and rejuvenate immune function to provide antitumor benefits in elderly patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21594,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cancer biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Seminars in cancer biology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1044579X24000579","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Cancer is generally defined as a disease of aging. With aging, the composition, diversity and functional characteristics of the gut microbiota occur changes, with a decline of beneficial commensal microbes triggered by intrinsic and extrinsic factors (e.g., diet, drugs and chronic health conditions). Nowadays, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is recognized as a hallmark of cancer. At the same time, aging is accompanied by changes in innate and adaptive immunity, known as immunosenescence, as well as chronic low-grade inflammation, known as inflammaging. The elevated cancer incidence and mortality in the elderly are linked with aging-associated alterations in the gut microbiota that elicit systemic metabolic alterations, leading to immune dysregulation with potentially tumorigenic effects. The gut microbiota and immunosenescence might both affect the response to treatment in cancer patients. In-depth understanding of age-associated alterations in the gut microbiota and immunity will shed light on the risk of cancer development and progression in the elderly. Here, we describe the aging-associated changes of the gut microbiota in cancer, and review the evolving understanding of the gut microbiota-targeted intervention strategies. Furthermore, we summarize the knowledge on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of immunosenescence and its impact on cancer. Finally, we discuss the latest knowledge about the relationships between gut microbiota and immunosenescence, with implications for cancer therapy. Intervention strategies targeting the gut microbiota may attenuate inflammaging and rejuvenate immune function to provide antitumor benefits in elderly patients.
期刊介绍:
Seminars in Cancer Biology (YSCBI) is a specialized review journal that focuses on the field of molecular oncology. Its primary objective is to keep scientists up-to-date with the latest developments in this field.
The journal adopts a thematic approach, dedicating each issue to an important topic of interest to cancer biologists. These topics cover a range of research areas, including the underlying genetic and molecular causes of cellular transformation and cancer, as well as the molecular basis of potential therapies.
To ensure the highest quality and expertise, every issue is supervised by a guest editor or editors who are internationally recognized experts in the respective field. Each issue features approximately eight to twelve authoritative invited reviews that cover various aspects of the chosen subject area.
The ultimate goal of each issue of YSCBI is to offer a cohesive, easily comprehensible, and engaging overview of the selected topic. The journal strives to provide scientists with a coordinated and lively examination of the latest developments in the field of molecular oncology.