Unveiling the Impact of Smoking on Allergic Rhinitis: Disease Severity and Efficacy of Subcutaneous Immunotherapy.

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI:10.1002/ohn.937

Xuan Yuan, Liyuan Liu, Benjian Zhang, Shaobing Xie, Lai Meng, Wei Zhong, Jiaxin Jia, Hua Zhang, Weihong Jiang, Zhihai Xie

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the impact of smoking statuses on disease severity and subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) efficacy in allergic rhinitis (AR).

Study design: Open observational cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Methods: Five hundred and five AR patients undergoing dust mite allergen SCIT were categorized into never smokers, former smokers, and current smokers. AR severity was assessed using widely employed questionnaires. The changes in questionnaire scores pre- and post-SCIT were evaluated for SCIT efficacy. The differences in disease severity and SCIT efficacy were compared for different smoking statuses among AR patients.

Results: Compared to never smokers, former and current smokers exhibited higher proportion of male, alcohol, and asthma (P < .05). Current smokers had a greater prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis than former smokers (P < .05). Before SCIT, AR severity was similar across 3 groups, even after adjusting for confounders (P > .05). Current smokers reported lower SCIT efficacy in the first year (P < .05). By the third year, 3 groups showed comparable long-term efficacy (P > .05). However, current smokers experienced a significant decrease in benefits 2 years post-SCIT (P < .05) and lower improvement rates at the end of the 3-years SCIT period and 2 years following SCIT (P < .05).

Conclusion: AR patients across different smoking statuses demonstrated similar baseline disease severity and long-time SCIT efficacy. Active smoking was associated with increased asthma risk, delayed early SCIT efficacy perception, reduced improvement over 3 years, and diminished benefits 2 years after SCIT. Prompt smoking cessation is crucial to mitigate these effects.

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揭示吸烟对过敏性鼻炎的影响：疾病严重程度与皮下免疫疗法的疗效。

研究目的评估吸烟状态对过敏性鼻炎（AR）疾病严重程度和皮下免疫疗法（SCIT）疗效的影响：研究设计：开放式观察队列研究：地点：三级转诊中心：接受尘螨过敏原 SCIT 治疗的 55 名 AR 患者被分为从未吸烟者、曾经吸烟者和目前吸烟者。使用广泛使用的调查问卷评估AR的严重程度。根据 SCIT 前后问卷分数的变化评估 SCIT 的疗效。比较了不同吸烟状况的 AR 患者在疾病严重程度和 SCIT 疗效方面的差异：与从不吸烟者相比，曾经吸烟者和目前吸烟者的男性、酗酒和哮喘比例更高（P .05）。当前吸烟者在第一年的 SCIT 疗效较低（P .05）。然而，当前吸烟者在接受 SCIT 治疗后 2 年的疗效显著下降（P 0.05）：不同吸烟状态的 AR 患者的基线疾病严重程度和长期 SCIT 疗效相似。主动吸烟与哮喘风险增加、SCIT 早期疗效感知延迟、3 年内改善程度降低以及 SCIT 2 年后获益减少有关。及时戒烟对减轻这些影响至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery 医学-耳鼻喉科学

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

2.90%

发文量

250

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (OTO-HNS) is the official peer-reviewed publication of the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. The mission of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery is to publish contemporary, ethical, clinically relevant information in otolaryngology, head and neck surgery (ear, nose, throat, head, and neck disorders) that can be used by otolaryngologists, clinicians, scientists, and specialists to improve patient care and public health.