Gender Differences in 381 Patients Undergoing Isolated Mitral Regurgitation Repair.

Abstract

Objective:  This study aimed to compare the gender differences in isolated mitral regurgitation (MR) repair.

Methods:  Of 381 adults aged 54.8 ± 12.3 years undergoing mitral valve repair (MVP) for isolated MR from January 2019 to December 2022, the baseline and operative data, and outcomes were compared between 161 women (42.3%) and 220 men (57.7%).

Results:  Women tended to be nonsmokers (98.1 vs. 45%, p < 0.001), and have more cerebrovascular accidents (38.5% vs. 24.1%, p = 0.004) and isolated annular dilatation (19.3 vs. 9.1%, p = 0.010), lower creatinine (70.0 ± 19.5 vs. 86.3 ± 19.9 μmol/dL, p < 0.001), and smaller left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD; 54.4 ± 6.7 vs. 57.8 ± 6.6 mm, p < 0.001). One female died of stroke at 2 days (0.3%). Another female (0.3%) underwent mitral valve replacement for failed repair. Stroke occurred in 4 (1.0%). Two underwent reexploration for bleeding (0.5%). Women were more likely to have less 24-hour drainage (290 ± 143 vs. 385 ± 196 mL, p < 0.001). Over a mean follow-up of 2.1 ± 1.1 years (100% complete), 1 woman died and 1 man underwent a reoperation; 28 had moderate MR, and 9 had severe MR. Neither did early and late mortality and reoperation, nor freedom from late moderate or severe MR (71.6 vs. 71.4% at 5 years; p = 0.992) differ significantly between the two genders. Predictors for late moderate or severe MR were anterior leaflet prolapse (hazard ratio [HR] 4.45; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-16.72; p = 0.027) and isolated annular dilation (HR 5.47, 95% CI 1.29-23.25; p = 0.021).

Conclusion:  In this series of patients undergoing isolated MR repair, despite significant differences in smoking, cerebrovascular accidents, creatinine, LVEDD, and isolated annular dilatation at baseline, and 24-hour drainage postoperatively, women and men did not show significant differences in early and late survival, reoperation, and freedom from late moderate or severe MR.