{"title":"Molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a hospital in Nepal","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jgar.2024.07.017","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> has become a serious worldwide medical problem. This study was designed to clarify the genetic and epidemiological properties of MDR <em>A. baumannii</em> clinical isolates.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 66 MDR <em>A. baumannii</em> isolates were obtained from 66 inpatients between May 2019 and February 2020 in a university hospital in Nepal. Whole genomes of these isolates were sequenced using next-generation sequencing. Phylogenetic trees were constructed from single nucleotide polymorphism concatemers. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and clonal complex (CC) analysis were conducted, and drug-resistance genes were identified.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 66 isolates, 26 harboured a gene encoding NDM-type metallo-β-lactamase, and 55 harboured a gene encoding the 16S rRNA methyltransferase, ArmA. All isolates had point mutations in the quinolone-resistance-determining regions of <em>gyrA</em> and <em>parC</em>. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 55 isolates harboured <em>armA,</em> 26 harboured <em>bla</em><sub>NDM-1</sub>, and14 harboured <em>bla</em><sub>PER-7</sub>. Multilocus sequence typing and CC analysis revealed that 34 isolates belonged to CC2 (ST2), 10 to CC1 (nine ST1 and one ST623), and eight to CC149 (ST149). Compared to our previous study on MDR <em>A. baumannii</em> in Nepal in 2012, the isolation rate of CC2 increased, whereas that of CC149 decreased between 2012 and 2020.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study indicates that MDR <em>A. baumannii</em> producing carbapenemase and 16S rRNA methyltransferase, with high resistance to carbapenems and/or aminoglycosides, are spreading in medical settings in Nepal. The genetic backgrounds of MDR <em>A. baumannii</em> isolates have shifted to international clone 2 over several years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524001486/pdfft?md5=1bc0b27244ef6b7d306bb9db8be7b3c6&pid=1-s2.0-S2213716524001486-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of global antimicrobial resistance","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524001486","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objectives
The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii has become a serious worldwide medical problem. This study was designed to clarify the genetic and epidemiological properties of MDR A. baumannii clinical isolates.
Methods
A total of 66 MDR A. baumannii isolates were obtained from 66 inpatients between May 2019 and February 2020 in a university hospital in Nepal. Whole genomes of these isolates were sequenced using next-generation sequencing. Phylogenetic trees were constructed from single nucleotide polymorphism concatemers. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and clonal complex (CC) analysis were conducted, and drug-resistance genes were identified.
Results
Of the 66 isolates, 26 harboured a gene encoding NDM-type metallo-β-lactamase, and 55 harboured a gene encoding the 16S rRNA methyltransferase, ArmA. All isolates had point mutations in the quinolone-resistance-determining regions of gyrA and parC. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 55 isolates harboured armA, 26 harboured blaNDM-1, and14 harboured blaPER-7. Multilocus sequence typing and CC analysis revealed that 34 isolates belonged to CC2 (ST2), 10 to CC1 (nine ST1 and one ST623), and eight to CC149 (ST149). Compared to our previous study on MDR A. baumannii in Nepal in 2012, the isolation rate of CC2 increased, whereas that of CC149 decreased between 2012 and 2020.
Conclusions
This study indicates that MDR A. baumannii producing carbapenemase and 16S rRNA methyltransferase, with high resistance to carbapenems and/or aminoglycosides, are spreading in medical settings in Nepal. The genetic backgrounds of MDR A. baumannii isolates have shifted to international clone 2 over several years.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance (JGAR) is a quarterly online journal run by an international Editorial Board that focuses on the global spread of antibiotic-resistant microbes.
JGAR is a dedicated journal for all professionals working in research, health care, the environment and animal infection control, aiming to track the resistance threat worldwide and provides a single voice devoted to antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
Featuring peer-reviewed and up to date research articles, reviews, short notes and hot topics JGAR covers the key topics related to antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and antiparasitic resistance.