Depression and anxiety in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: A 6-waves longitudinal study in the Argentine population.

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-07 DOI:10.1007/s00127-024-02746-7

Hernán López-Morales, Rosario Gelpi Trudo, Matías Jonás García, Macarena Verónica Del-Valle, Matías Yerro, Fernando Martín Poó, Ornella Bruna, Lorena Canet-Juric, Sebastián Urquijo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: The pandemic has caused stress due to isolation, loss of loved ones, work and learning changes, financial instability, fear of infection, and uncertainty. It has negatively impacted mental health, particularly increasing anxiety, and depression symptoms. This study analyzed anxiety and depression symptoms over the first 25 months of the COVID-19 pandemic, considering age group, socioeconomic status, and gender.

Methods: A longitudinal study with 6 repeated measures was conducted, involving 988 adult participants from Argentina. Adapted versions of the BDI-II and STAI were administered through online questionnaires at 2, 14, 50, 130, 390, and 750 days since the start of the lockdown.

Results: The results showed a sustained increase in anxiety and depression symptoms up to 390 days, followed by a decrease in anxiety below initial levels at 750 days. Depressive symptoms significantly decreased after 750 days but remained higher than initial levels.

Conclusion: Women consistently scored higher than men, lower socioeconomic status individuals reported more symptoms, and younger individuals had higher anxiety and depression, which decreased with age. Surprisingly, older individuals displayed better mental health indicators compared to the rest of the population.

Abstract Image

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COVID-19 大流行背景下的抑郁和焦虑：对阿根廷人口进行的六波纵向研究。

目的：由于与世隔绝、失去亲人、工作和学习发生变化、经济不稳定、害怕感染和不确定性，大流行病给人们带来了压力。它对心理健康产生了负面影响，尤其是增加了焦虑和抑郁症状。本研究分析了 COVID-19 大流行头 25 个月的焦虑和抑郁症状，并考虑了年龄组、社会经济地位和性别因素：这项纵向研究共进行了 6 次重复测量，涉及阿根廷的 988 名成年参与者。在封锁开始后的 2 天、14 天、50 天、130 天、390 天和 750 天，通过在线问卷对 BDI-II 和 STAI 进行了改编：结果显示，焦虑和抑郁症状在 390 天内持续上升，750 天后焦虑症状降至初始水平以下。抑郁症状在 750 天后明显减少，但仍高于初始水平：结论：女性的得分始终高于男性，社会经济地位较低的人报告的症状较多，年轻人的焦虑和抑郁程度较高，但随着年龄的增长，焦虑和抑郁程度有所下降。令人惊讶的是，与其他人群相比，老年人的心理健康指标更好。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

2.30%

发文量

184

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology is intended to provide a medium for the prompt publication of scientific contributions concerned with all aspects of the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders - social, biological and genetic. In addition, the journal has a particular focus on the effects of social conditions upon behaviour and the relationship between psychiatric disorders and the social environment. Contributions may be of a clinical nature provided they relate to social issues, or they may deal with specialised investigations in the fields of social psychology, sociology, anthropology, epidemiology, health service research, health economies or public mental health. We will publish papers on cross-cultural and trans-cultural themes. We do not publish case studies or small case series. While we will publish studies of reliability and validity of new instruments of interest to our readership, we will not publish articles reporting on the performance of established instruments in translation. Both original work and review articles may be submitted.