Neurodevelopmental changes in Drosophila melanogaster are restored by treatment with lutein-loaded nanoparticles: Positive modulation of neurochemical and behavioral parameters

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
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Abstract

Neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are characterized by persistent changes in communication and social interaction, as well as restricted and stereotyped patterns of behavior. The complex etiology of these disorders possibly combines the effects of multiple genes and environmental factors. Hence, exposure to insecticides such as imidacloprid (IMI) has been used to replicate the changes observed in these disorders. Lutein is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and is associated with neuroprotective effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of lutein-loaded nanoparticles, along with their mechanisms of action, on Drosophila melanogaster offspring exposed to IMI-induced damage. To simulate the neurodevelopmental disorder model, flies were exposed to a diet containing IMI for 7 days. Posteriorly, their offspring were exposed to a diet containing lutein-loaded nanoparticles for a period of 24 h, and male and female flies were subjected to behavioral and biochemical evaluations. Treatment with lutein-loaded nanoparticles reversed the parameters of hyperactivity, aggressiveness, social interaction, repetitive movements, and anxiety in the offspring of flies exposed to IMI. It also protected markers of oxidative stress and cell viability, in addition to preventing the reduction of Nrf2 and Shank3 immunoreactivity. These results demonstrate that the damage induced by exposure to IMI was restored through treatment with lutein-loaded nanoparticles, elucidating lutein's mechanisms of action as a therapeutic agent, which, after further studies, can become a co-adjuvant in the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as ASD and ADHD.

Abstract Image

黑腹果蝇的神经发育变化通过负载叶黄素的纳米颗粒得到恢复:对神经化学和行为参数的积极调节。
自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)和注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)等神经发育障碍的特点是沟通和社会交往的持续变化,以及行为模式的局限性和刻板性。这些疾病的病因复杂,可能综合了多种基因和环境因素的影响。因此,人们利用接触吡虫啉(IMI)等杀虫剂来复制在这些疾病中观察到的变化。叶黄素以其抗炎和抗氧化特性而闻名,并具有神经保护作用。因此,本研究旨在评估负载叶黄素的纳米颗粒对暴露于 IMI 诱导的损伤的黑腹果蝇后代的保护作用及其作用机制。为了模拟神经发育障碍模型,果蝇暴露于含有 IMI 的食物中 7 天。之后,将其后代暴露于含有叶黄素负载纳米粒子的食物中 24 小时,并对雌雄蝇进行行为和生化评估。用叶黄素纳米颗粒处理可逆转暴露于 IMI 的后代苍蝇的多动、攻击性、社会互动、重复动作和焦虑等参数。除了防止 Nrf2 和 Shank3 免疫活性降低外,它还保护了氧化应激指标和细胞活力。这些结果表明,通过使用叶黄素负载的纳米颗粒治疗,暴露于IMI诱发的损伤得到了恢复,阐明了叶黄素作为一种治疗剂的作用机制,经过进一步研究,叶黄素可以成为治疗神经发育障碍(如ASD和ADHD)的辅助药物。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
5.10%
发文量
206
审稿时长
30 days
期刊介绍: Part C: Toxicology and Pharmacology. This journal is concerned with chemical and drug action at different levels of organization, biotransformation of xenobiotics, mechanisms of toxicity, including reactive oxygen species and carcinogenesis, endocrine disruptors, natural products chemistry, and signal transduction with a molecular approach to these fields.
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