Disparities in HIV incidence and mortality rates between Japanese nationals and international migrants before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from Japan's national HIV surveillance data (2018-2021).

IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES
Russell Miller, Chunyan Li, Rodenie Arnaiz Olete, Masamine Jimba
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Abstract

Migrants often encounter heightened health risks during crises. We analysed the disparities in the burden of HIV between Japanese nationals and international migrants in Japan by comparing new HIV infections, AIDS cases, and HIV-related deaths between 2018-2019 (pre-COVID-19) and 2020-2021 (during the COVID-19 pandemic). Between 2018 and 2021, 4,705 new HIV infections were reported in Japan (2,813 Japanese nationals and 522 international migrants). Additionally, 1,370 AIDS cases (1,188 Japanese nationals, 182 international migrants) were recorded, representing 29.1% of the total. Comparative analysis of HIV incidence and mortality rates between Japanese nationals and international migrants indicates elevated disparities: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the HIV incidence rate among Japanese nationals decreased from 1.8 to 1.5 cases/100,000 people, while the rate among international migrants remained high at 12.8 cases/100,000 people. The AIDS incidence also increased for international migrants from 2.8 to 3.8 per 100,000 people, while Japanese nationals maintained a low at 0.5 per 100,000 people. International migrants living with HIV experienced a significantly younger age at death due to HIV-related illness (coefficient = -11.7, p < .01). The COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated the disparities with more international migrants living with HIV being diagnosed late and with less precise reporting. Investment in more equitable HIV care is warranted.

COVID-19大流行之前和期间日本国民与国际移民之间的艾滋病毒发病率和死亡率差异:来自日本国家艾滋病毒监测数据(2018-2021年)的证据。
在危机期间,移民往往会面临更高的健康风险。我们通过比较 2018-2019 年(COVID-19 前)和 2020-2021 年(COVID-19 大流行期间)的艾滋病新感染病例、艾滋病病例和艾滋病相关死亡病例,分析了日本国民和国际移民之间在艾滋病负担方面的差异。2018 年至 2021 年期间,日本报告了 4705 例新的 HIV 感染病例(2813 例日本国民和 522 例国际移民)。此外,还记录了 1,370 例艾滋病病例(1,188 例日本国民,182 例国际移民),占总数的 29.1%。对日本国民和国际移民之间的艾滋病毒发病率和死亡率进行的比较分析表明,两者之间的差距很大:在 COVID-19 大流行期间,日本国民的艾滋病发病率从 1.8 例/100,000 人降至 1.5 例/100,000 人,而国际移民的发病率仍高达 12.8 例/100,000 人。国际移民的艾滋病发病率也从每 10 万人 2.8 例上升至 3.8 例,而日本国民的发病率则保持在每 10 万人 0.5 例的低水平。感染艾滋病毒的国际移民因艾滋病毒相关疾病而死亡的年龄明显较小(系数 = -11.7,p<0.05)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
3.50
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