MicroRNA as Key Players in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insights into Their Role in Metastasis.

IF 2.1 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Genetics Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI:10.1007/s10528-024-10897-0

Mohamed J Saadh, Qusay Mohammed Hussain, Tuqa S Alazzawi, Ali A Fahdil, Zainab H Athab, Bekhzod Yarmukhamedov, Ali M Ali Al-Nuaimi, Fahad Alsaikhan, Bagher Farhood

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Liver cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains the most common cancer in global epidemiology. Both the frequency and fatality of this malignancy have shown an upward trend over recent decades. Liver cancer is a significant concern due to its propensity for both intrahepatic and extrahepatic metastasis. Liver cancer metastasis is a multifaceted process characterized by cell detachment from the bulk tumor, modulation of cellular motility and invasiveness, enhanced proliferation, avoidance of the immune system, and spread either via lymphatic or blood vessels. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) playing a crucial function in the intricate mechanisms of tumor metastasis. A number of miRNAs can either increase or reduce metastasis via several mechanisms, such as control of motility, proliferation, attack by the immune system, cancer stem cell properties, altering the microenvironment, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Besides, two other types of non-coding RNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) can competitively bind to endogenous miRNAs. This competition results in the impaired ability of the miRNAs to inhibit the expression of the specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that are targeted. Increasing evidence has shown that the regulatory axis comprising circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA is correlated with the regulation of HCC metastasis. This review seeks to present a thorough summary of recent research on miRNAs in HCC, and their roles in the cellular processes of EMT, invasion and migration, as well as the metastasis of malignant cells. Finally, we discuss the function of the lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network as a crucial modulator of carcinogenesis and the regulation of signaling pathways or genes that are relevant to the metastasis of HCC. These findings have the potential to offer valuable insight into the discovery of novel therapeutic approaches for management of liver cancer metastasis.

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作为肝细胞癌关键角色的微小 RNA：洞察它们在转移中的作用

肝癌或肝细胞癌（HCC）仍然是全球流行病学中最常见的癌症。近几十年来，这种恶性肿瘤的发病率和死亡率都呈上升趋势。肝癌容易发生肝内和肝外转移，因此备受关注。肝癌转移是一个多方面的过程，其特点是细胞脱离肿瘤主体、细胞运动性和侵袭性改变、增殖增强、避开免疫系统以及通过淋巴或血管扩散。微小核糖核酸（miRNA）是一种小型非编码核糖核酸（RNA），在错综复杂的肿瘤转移机制中发挥着至关重要的作用。一些 miRNA 可通过多种机制增加或减少转移，如控制运动、增殖、免疫系统攻击、癌症干细胞特性、改变微环境和上皮-间质转化（EMT）。此外，还有两类非编码 RNA，如长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）和环状 RNA（circRNA），可与内源性 miRNA 竞争性结合。这种竞争导致 miRNAs 抑制目标特定信使 RNA（mRNA）表达的能力受损。越来越多的证据表明，由 circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA 组成的调控轴与 HCC 转移的调控相关。本综述旨在全面总结近期有关 HCC 中 miRNA 的研究，以及它们在细胞的 EMT、侵袭和迁移过程以及恶性细胞转移中的作用。最后，我们讨论了 lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA 网络作为癌变关键调节因子的功能，以及对与 HCC 转移相关的信号通路或基因的调控。这些发现有可能为发现治疗肝癌转移的新方法提供有价值的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biochemical Genetics 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

133

审稿时长

4.8 months

期刊介绍： Biochemical Genetics welcomes original manuscripts that address and test clear scientific hypotheses, are directed to a broad scientific audience, and clearly contribute to the advancement of the field through the use of sound sampling or experimental design, reliable analytical methodologies and robust statistical analyses. Although studies focusing on particular regions and target organisms are welcome, it is not the journal’s goal to publish essentially descriptive studies that provide results with narrow applicability, or are based on very small samples or pseudoreplication. Rather, Biochemical Genetics welcomes review articles that go beyond summarizing previous publications and create added value through the systematic analysis and critique of the current state of knowledge or by conducting meta-analyses. Methodological articles are also within the scope of Biological Genetics, particularly when new laboratory techniques or computational approaches are fully described and thoroughly compared with the existing benchmark methods. Biochemical Genetics welcomes articles on the following topics: Genomics; Proteomics; Population genetics; Phylogenetics; Metagenomics; Microbial genetics; Genetics and evolution of wild and cultivated plants; Animal genetics and evolution; Human genetics and evolution; Genetic disorders; Genetic markers of diseases; Gene technology and therapy; Experimental and analytical methods; Statistical and computational methods.