Tracheostomy care for adults and the elderly in the home environment: a scoping review.

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P Pub Date : 2024-08-02 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2024-0028en
Aldenora Laísa Paiva de Carvalho Cordeiro, Jade Alycia Ribeiro E Santos, Ana Clara Leite Barroso, Miguir Terezinha Vieccelli Donoso, Luciana Regina Ferreira Pereira da Mata, Tânia Couto Machado Chianca
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Abstract

Objective: To map out scientific knowledge regarding tracheostomy care for adults and the elderly carried out by individuals, famies or caregivers in home environments.

Method: Scoping review, conducted in February 2023, according to the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The guiding question was: what and how should adult/elderly tracheostomy care be carried out by the individual/family/caregiver in the home environment? Studies published in Portuguese, English and Spanish were considered. The databases consulted were: Lilacs; Medline, via PubMed; Cinahl; Cochrane Library; PEDro; Embase; Scopus and Web of Science.

Results: 2158 articles were identified, of which 81 were read in full and 14 included in the review. The main types of care identified included psychobiological needs: airway suction, changing the tracheostomy attachment, cleaning the endocannula and sanitizing the peristomal skin. As for psychosocial needs, incentives for communication and autonomy were identified. There were no recommendations for care related to psychospiritual needs.

Conclusion: The findings prioritize biological care, few studies have detailed how to carry out such care at home.

家庭环境中的成人和老年人气管造口护理:范围界定综述。
目的了解有关个人、家庭或护理人员在家庭环境中对成人和老年人进行气管造口术护理的科学知识:根据乔安娜-布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs Institute)的方法,于 2023 年 2 月进行了范围综述。指导性问题是:在家庭环境中,个人/家庭/护理人员应如何进行成人/老年人气管造口护理?研究考虑了以葡萄牙语、英语和西班牙语发表的研究。查阅的数据库有结果:共发现 2158 篇文章,对其中 81 篇进行了全文阅读,14 篇被纳入综述。确定的主要护理类型包括心理生物学需求:气道吸引、更换气管造口附件、清洁内腔和肛周皮肤消毒。在社会心理需求方面,确定了鼓励交流和自主的措施。结论:研究结果将生物护理放在首位,但很少有研究详细说明如何在家中进行此类护理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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