Mechanically induced M2 macrophages are involved in bone remodeling of the midpalatal suture during palatal expansion.

IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 Dentistry
Lan Li, Mingrui Zhai, Chen Cheng, Shuyue Cui, Jixiao Wang, Zijie Zhang, Jiani Liu, Fulan Wei
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Palatal expansion is a common way of treating maxillary transverse deficiency. Under mechanical force, the midpalatal suture is expanded, causing local immune responses. This study aimed to determine whether macrophages participate in bone remodeling of the midpalatal suture during palatal expansion and the effects on bone remodeling.

Methods: Palatal expansion model and macrophage depletion model were established. Micro-CT, histological staining, and immunohistochemical staining were used to investigate the changes in the number and phenotype of macrophages during palatal expansion as well as the effects on bone remodeling of the midpalatal suture. Additionally, the effect of mechanically induced M2 macrophages on palatal osteoblasts was also elucidated in vitro.

Results: The number of macrophages increased significantly and polarized toward M2 phenotype with the increase of the expansion time, which was consistent with the trend of bone remodeling. After macrophage depletion, the function of osteoblasts and bone formation at the midpalatal suture were impaired during palatal expansion. In vitro, conditioned medium derived from M2 macrophages facilitated osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts and decreased the RANKL/OPG ratio.

Conclusions: Macrophages through polarizing toward M2 phenotype participated in midpalatal suture bone remodeling during palatal expansion, which may provide a new idea for promoting bone remodeling from the perspective of regulating macrophage polarization.

机械诱导的 M2 巨噬细胞参与了腭扩张过程中腭中缝的骨重塑。
背景介绍腭扩大术是治疗上颌骨横向缺损的一种常见方法。在机械力的作用下,腭中缝被扩张,引起局部免疫反应。本研究旨在确定巨噬细胞在腭扩张过程中是否参与腭中缝的骨重塑以及对骨重塑的影响:方法:建立腭扩张模型和巨噬细胞耗竭模型。方法:建立腭膨大模型和巨噬细胞耗竭模型,利用显微 CT、组织学染色和免疫组化染色研究腭膨大过程中巨噬细胞数量和表型的变化以及对腭中缝骨重塑的影响。此外,还在体外阐明了机械诱导的 M2 巨噬细胞对腭骨成骨细胞的影响:结果:随着扩张时间的延长,巨噬细胞的数量明显增加,并向 M2 表型极化,这与骨重塑的趋势一致。巨噬细胞耗竭后,在腭扩张过程中,成骨细胞的功能和腭中缝的骨形成均受到影响。在体外,来自M2巨噬细胞的条件培养基促进了成骨细胞的成骨分化,并降低了RANKL/OPG比率:结论:巨噬细胞通过向M2表型极化参与了腭扩张过程中的腭中缝骨重塑,这可能从调节巨噬细胞极化的角度为促进骨重塑提供了新思路。
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来源期刊
Progress in Orthodontics
Progress in Orthodontics Dentistry-Orthodontics
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
4.20%
发文量
45
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: Progress in Orthodontics is a fully open access, international journal owned by the Italian Society of Orthodontics and published under the brand SpringerOpen. The Society is currently covering all publication costs so there are no article processing charges for authors. It is a premier journal of international scope that fosters orthodontic research, including both basic research and development of innovative clinical techniques, with an emphasis on the following areas: • Mechanisms to improve orthodontics • Clinical studies and control animal studies • Orthodontics and genetics, genomics • Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) control clinical trials • Efficacy of orthodontic appliances and animal models • Systematic reviews and meta analyses • Mechanisms to speed orthodontic treatment Progress in Orthodontics will consider for publication only meritorious and original contributions. These may be: • Original articles reporting the findings of clinical trials, clinically relevant basic scientific investigations, or novel therapeutic or diagnostic systems • Review articles on current topics • Articles on novel techniques and clinical tools • Articles of contemporary interest
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