The Immigrant Mortality Advantage Among Over-65 Middle Eastern and North African Immigrants to the United States.

IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-04 DOI:10.1007/s10903-024-01622-5
Elyas Bakhtiari, Jacinta Das
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Immigrants to the United States often have longer life expectancies than their U.S.-born counterparts, however it is unclear whether a similar "immigrant advantage" exists for immigrants from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This study uses a novel machine-learning name classifier to offer one of the first national-level examinations of MENA mortality patterns by nativity in the United States. A recurrent neural network model was developed to identify MENA individuals based on given name and surname characteristics. The model was trained on more than 2.5 million mortality-linked social security records in the Berkeley Unified Numident Mortality Database (BUNMD). Mortality rates and life expectancy were estimated using a Gompertz distribution and maximum likelihood estimation, focusing on high-coverage years between 1988 and 2005 and deaths over age 65. Foreign-born MENA men over 65 showed a significant immigrant mortality advantage with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.64 and an estimated 3.13 additional years of life expectancy at age 65 compared to U.S.-born counterparts. Foreign-born MENA women also exhibited an advantage, with a HR of 0.71 and an additional 2.24 years of life expectancy at age 65. This study is one of the first national-level analyses of mortality outcomes among the over-65 MENA population in the United States, finding a MENA immigrant mortality advantage. The results suggest further research is needed to identify and disaggregate the MENA population in health research.

Abstract Image

美国 65 岁以上中东和北非移民的移民死亡率优势》(The Immigrant Mortality Advantage Among Over-65 Middle Eastern and North African Immigrants to the United States)。
美国移民的预期寿命往往长于在美国出生的移民,但目前还不清楚来自中东和北非(MENA)的移民是否存在类似的 "移民优势"。本研究使用了一种新颖的机器学习姓名分类器,首次在美国全国范围内对中东和北非地区的死亡率模式进行了研究。该研究开发了一个递归神经网络模型,用于根据名字和姓氏特征识别中东和北非人。该模型在伯克利统一姓名死亡率数据库(BUNMD)中 250 多万条与死亡率相关的社会保障记录上进行了训练。采用贡珀茨分布和最大似然估计法估算死亡率和预期寿命,重点关注 1988 年至 2005 年之间的高覆盖率年份和 65 岁以上的死亡人数。65 岁以上在国外出生的中东和北非地区男性显示出显著的移民死亡率优势,其危险比 (HR) 为 0.64,与在美国出生的男性相比,65 岁时的预期寿命估计可延长 3.13 年。外国出生的中东和北非地区女性也表现出优势,危险比为 0.71,65 岁时预期寿命增加 2.24 年。这项研究是首次对美国 65 岁以上中东和北非地区人口的死亡率结果进行的国家级分析之一,发现了中东和北非地区移民的死亡率优势。研究结果表明,在健康研究中需要对中东和北非人口进行进一步的识别和分类。
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来源期刊
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
5.30%
发文量
104
期刊介绍: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health is an international forum for the publication of peer-reviewed original research pertaining to immigrant health from contributors in many diverse fields including public health, epidemiology, medicine and nursing, anthropology, sociology, population research, immigration law, and ethics. The journal also publishes review articles, short communications, letters to the editor, and notes from the field.
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