Temperature Is a Key Factor Governing the Toxic Impact of Ultra-Violet Radiation-Emitting Nail Dryers When Used on Human Skin Cells.

IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
International Journal of Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-03 DOI:10.1177/10915818241268617
Elijah Finn, Lucia Dussan, Scott Rosenthal, Cynthia Simbulan-Rosenthal, Dean Rosenthal, Peter Sykora
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Abstract

The skin is the largest organ in the body and the only one to come into contact with solar UV radiation (UVR). UVA (320-400 nm) is a significant contributor to UV-related skin damage. The UVA spectrum makes up over 95% of solar-UV energy reaching the earth's surface causing the majority of the visible signs of skin photoaging. Many consumer products also emit UVA, including nail dryers. There have been sporadic reports suggesting that these units may be contributing to skin cancer incidence. This notion was recently bolstered by a finding that nail dryer-irradiated mammalian skin cells develop a mutational signature consistent with UVA exposure. This report was surprising considering the comparatively low level of UVA to which the skin is exposed during nail treatments. In this research, we investigated how UVA-emitting devices caused cytotoxic/genotoxic impact after only low levels of UVA exposure. Our data showed that levels of UVA in the unit are highly variable and location dependent. We confirm previous reports that using prolonged exposure protocols could induce significant levels of DNA damage. It was also determined that UV-induced DNA damage only partially correlated with the level of UVA fluency. On investigation, we found that the unit had a rapid increase in internal temperature when in use. Exposing human cells to these elevated temperatures acted synergistically with UVA to magnify the cytotoxic and genotoxic impact of UV irradiation.

温度是影响紫外线辐射指甲干燥器对人类皮肤细胞毒性影响的关键因素
皮肤是人体最大的器官,也是唯一与太阳紫外线辐射(UVR)接触的器官。UVA(320-400 纳米)是造成紫外线相关皮肤损伤的主要因素。在到达地球表面的太阳紫外线能量中,UVA 光谱占 95% 以上,造成了大多数可见的皮肤光老化迹象。许多消费品也会释放 UVA,包括指甲烘干机。有零星报道称,这些设备可能会导致皮肤癌的发生。最近,一项研究发现,经指甲烘干机照射的哺乳动物皮肤细胞会出现与 UVA 暴露一致的突变特征,这进一步证实了这一观点。考虑到美甲过程中皮肤暴露于相对较低水平的 UVA,这一报告令人惊讶。在这项研究中,我们调查了 UVA 辐射设备如何在低水平的 UVA 暴露后产生细胞毒性/遗传毒性影响。我们的数据显示,装置中的 UVA 水平变化很大,而且与地点有关。我们证实了之前的报告,即使用长时间的照射方案会诱发严重的 DNA 损伤。我们还确定,紫外线诱导的 DNA 损伤与 UVA 的通量只有部分相关性。经过调查,我们发现该装置在使用时内部温度会迅速升高。将人体细胞暴露在这些升高的温度中会与 UVA 起协同作用,从而放大紫外线照射的细胞毒性和基因毒性影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
4.50%
发文量
53
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Toxicology publishes timely, peer-reviewed papers on current topics important to toxicologists. Six bi-monthly issues cover a wide range of topics, including contemporary issues in toxicology, safety assessments, novel approaches to toxicological testing, mechanisms of toxicity, biomarkers, and risk assessment. The Journal also publishes invited reviews on contemporary topics, and features articles based on symposia. In addition, supplemental issues are routinely published on various special topics, including three supplements devoted to contributions from the Cosmetic Review Expert Panel.
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