Niche breadth and divergence in sympatric cryptic coral species (Pocillopora spp.) across habitats within reefs and among algal symbionts

IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q1 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
Scott C. Burgess, Alyssa M. Turner, Erika C. Johnston
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

While the presence of morphologically cryptic species is increasingly recognized, we still lack a useful understanding of what causes and maintains co-occurring cryptic species and its consequences for the ecology, evolution, and conservation of communities. We sampled 724 Pocillopora corals from five habitat zones (the fringing reef, back reef, and fore reef at 5, 10, and 20 m) at four sites around the island of Moorea, French Polynesia. Using validated genetic markers, we identified six sympatric species of Pocillopora, most of which cannot be reliably identified based on morphology: P. meandrina (42.9%), P. tuahiniensis (25.1%), P. verrucosa (12.2%), P. acuta (10.4%), P. grandis (7.73%), and P. cf. effusa (2.76%). For 423 colonies (58% of the genetically identified hosts), we also used psbAncr or ITS2 markers to identify symbiont species (Symbiodiniaceae). The relative abundance of Pocillopora species differed across habitats within the reef. Sister taxa P. verrucosa and P. tuahiniensis had similar niche breadths and hosted the same specialist symbiont species (mostly Cladocopium pacificum) but the former was more common in the back reef and the latter more common deeper on the fore reef. In contrast, sister taxa P. meandrina and P. grandis had the highest niche breadths and overlaps and tended to host the same specialist symbiont species (mostly C. latusorum). Pocillopora acuta had the narrowest niche breadth and hosted the generalist, and more thermally tolerant, Durusdinium gynnii. Overall, there was a positive correlation between reef habitat niche breadth and symbiont niche breadth—Pocillopora species with a broader habitat niche also had a broader symbiont niche. Our results show how fine-scale variation within reefs plays an important role in the generation and coexistence of cryptic species. The results also have important implications for how niche differences affect community resilience, and for the success of coral restoration practices, in ways not previously appreciated.

Abstract Image

同域隐生珊瑚物种(Pocillopora spp.)
虽然人们越来越认识到形态上隐生物种的存在,但我们仍然缺乏对隐生物种共存的原因和维持方式及其对群落生态、进化和保护的影响的有用了解。我们从法属波利尼西亚穆雷阿岛周围四个地点的五个栖息地(5、10 和 20 米处的裙礁、背礁和前礁)采集了 724 个 Pocillopora 珊瑚样本。通过使用有效的遗传标记,我们确定了六种同域的 Pocillopora,其中大部分无法根据形态进行可靠的鉴定:meandrina(42.9%)、P. tuahiniensis(25.1%)、P. verrucosa(12.2%)、P. acuta(10.4%)、P. grandis(7.73%)和 P. cf. effusa(2.76%)。对于 423 个菌落(占基因鉴定寄主的 58%),我们还使用 psbA ncr 或 ITS2 标记来鉴定共生生物的种类(共生生物科)。珊瑚礁内不同生境中 Pocillopora 种类的相对丰度各不相同。姊妹类群 P. verrucosa 和 P. tuahiniensis 具有相似的生态位宽度,并寄主相同的专性共生物种(主要是 Cladocopium pacificum),但前者更常见于后礁,后者更常见于前礁深处。相比之下,姊妹类群 P. meandrina 和 P. grandis 的生态位广度和重叠度最高,并倾向于寄主相同的专性共生物种(主要是 C. latusorum)。Pocillopora acuta 的生态位广度最窄,寄主的是普通共生物种,耐热性更强的 Durusdinium gynnii。总体而言,珊瑚礁栖息地生态位宽度与共生生物生态位宽度之间存在正相关--栖息地生态位较宽的海百合物种的共生生物生态位也较宽。我们的研究结果表明,珊瑚礁内部的微尺度变化在隐生物种的产生和共存中发挥着重要作用。这些结果还对生态位差异如何影响群落恢复力以及珊瑚恢复实践的成功具有重要意义,而这些意义是以前没有意识到的。
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来源期刊
Evolutionary Applications
Evolutionary Applications 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
7.30%
发文量
175
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Evolutionary Applications is a fully peer reviewed open access journal. It publishes papers that utilize concepts from evolutionary biology to address biological questions of health, social and economic relevance. Papers are expected to employ evolutionary concepts or methods to make contributions to areas such as (but not limited to): medicine, agriculture, forestry, exploitation and management (fisheries and wildlife), aquaculture, conservation biology, environmental sciences (including climate change and invasion biology), microbiology, and toxicology. All taxonomic groups are covered from microbes, fungi, plants and animals. In order to better serve the community, we also now strongly encourage submissions of papers making use of modern molecular and genetic methods (population and functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenetics, quantitative genetics, association and linkage mapping) to address important questions in any of these disciplines and in an applied evolutionary framework. Theoretical, empirical, synthesis or perspective papers are welcome.
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