A Time-to-Voltage Converter-Based MPPT With 440 μs Online Tracking Time, 99.7% Tracking Efficiency for a Battery-Less Harvesting Front-End With Cold-Startup and Over-Voltage Protection

IF 5.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI:10.1109/TCSI.2024.3435533

Aditi Chakraborty;Ashis Maity

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This paper introduces a time-to-voltage converter-based maximum power point tracking (TVCB-MPPT) for harvesting photovoltaic energy into a super-capacitor using a single solar cell. In the proposed design, a time-to-voltage converter is used to achieve a fast and accurate tracking of the maximum power point (MPP) without using a time-averaging/time-integrating function as used in the conventional time-based MPPT design. Moreover, with the continuous monitoring of the MPP, the proposed converter responds immediately and maximizes the extracted energy under varying irradiance conditions as compared to the conventional intermittent MPPT topologies. The addition of the cold-start operation and the over-voltage protection increase the robustness and energy-autonomy of the overall system. The proposed TVCB-MPPT converter is fabricated in a 180 nm CMOS process. In the measured result, a fast online MPP tracking time of

$440~\mu $

s is observed with an initial tracking time of 4.8 ms. It also shows a peak tracking efficiency of 99.7% with a power conversion efficiency >87% in the entire input power range.

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一种基于时间电压转换器的 MPPT，在线跟踪时间为 440 美元，跟踪效率为 99.7%，适用于具有冷启动和过压保护功能的无电池集电前端

本文介绍了一种基于时间-电压转换器的最大功率点跟踪（TVCB-MPPT），用于利用单个太阳能电池将光伏能量收集到超级电容器中。在所提出的设计中，使用了时间-电压转换器来实现对最大功率点（MPP）的快速、准确跟踪，而无需使用传统的基于时间的 MPPT 设计中使用的时间平均/时间积分函数。此外，与传统的间歇式 MPPT 拓扑相比，通过对 MPP 的持续监控，所提出的转换器能在辐照度变化的条件下立即做出响应并最大限度地提取能量。新增的冷启动操作和过压保护功能提高了整个系统的鲁棒性和能源自主性。所提出的 TVCB-MPPT 转换器采用 180 nm CMOS 工艺制造。在测量结果中，观察到快速在线 MPP 跟踪时间为 440~\mu $ s，初始跟踪时间为 4.8 ms。它还显示了 99.7% 的峰值跟踪效率，在整个输入功率范围内的功率转换效率大于 87%。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

11.80%

发文量

441

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： TCAS I publishes regular papers in the field specified by the theory, analysis, design, and practical implementations of circuits, and the application of circuit techniques to systems and to signal processing. Included is the whole spectrum from basic scientific theory to industrial applications. The field of interest covered includes: - Circuits: Analog, Digital and Mixed Signal Circuits and Systems - Nonlinear Circuits and Systems, Integrated Sensors, MEMS and Systems on Chip, Nanoscale Circuits and Systems, Optoelectronic - Circuits and Systems, Power Electronics and Systems - Software for Analog-and-Logic Circuits and Systems - Control aspects of Circuits and Systems.