Bioremediation of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils: A Review of Recent Progress

IF 6.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Arthur Paul Schwab
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent progress in bioremediation of soils contaminated with polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is reviewed. Innovative techniques, traditional approaches, and combinations of technologies are examined.

Recent Findings

Bioremediation was heavily researched in past decades and continues to be studied with excellent advances. Phytoremediation, bioaugmentation, biostimulation, and natural attenuation remain important but are now studied in conjunction with genetic analyses, community dynamics, and extracellular enzymes and/or surfactants. Field soils contaminated with heavy matrices have lower rates of degradation (often < 25%), even for the most aggressive techniques.

Summary

Significant strides have been taken in improving the efficacy of bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soils and understanding the fundamental processes. Key genes, important enzymes, and optimal conditions have been identified. Research continues in the challenging and important area of degradation of PAHs in anaerobic environments. Bioremediation endures as a viable approach to decontamination of soils and a fertile area for future research.

Graphical Abstract

Bioremediation is the use of living organisms (soil bacteria, fungi, macroinvertebrates) to remove contaminants from soil. In the case of PAHs, the system is complex with multiple interactions between the organisms and the environment, including human interventions such as soil bioslurries, bioaugmentation, and biostimulation.

Abstract Image

土壤中多芳烃的生物修复:最新进展综述
综述目的综述了受多芳烃(PAHs)污染土壤的生物修复方面的最新进展。最新研究结果生物修复技术在过去几十年中得到了大量研究,并不断取得重大进展。植物修复、生物增量、生物刺激和自然衰减仍然非常重要,但现在的研究已与遗传分析、群落动力学、胞外酶和/或表面活性剂结合起来。受重金属基质污染的实地土壤降解率较低(通常为 25%),即使采用最积极的技术也是如此。摘要在提高多环芳烃污染土壤的生物修复效果和了解基本过程方面取得了重大进展。关键基因、重要酶和最佳条件已经确定。多环芳烃在厌氧环境中降解这一具有挑战性的重要领域的研究仍在继续。生物修复是一种可行的土壤净化方法,也是未来研究的一个肥沃领域。 图解 摘要生物修复是利用生物(土壤细菌、真菌、大型无脊椎动物)清除土壤中的污染物。就多环芳烃而言,该系统非常复杂,生物与环境之间存在多种相互作用,包括人为干预,如土壤生物仓、生物增量和生物刺激。
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来源期刊
Current Pollution Reports
Current Pollution Reports Environmental Science-Water Science and Technology
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
1.40%
发文量
31
期刊介绍: Current Pollution Reports provides in-depth review articles contributed by international experts on the most significant developments in the field of environmental pollution.By presenting clear, insightful, balanced reviews that emphasize recently published papers of major importance, the journal elucidates current and emerging approaches to identification, characterization, treatment, management of pollutants and much more.
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