Human gut microbiota composition associated with international travels

IF 6.3 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI:10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102747

D. Henares , V. Monsalvez , Pedro Brotons , Maria Luisa Machado , Silvia Capilla , Aina Gomila-Grange , Paula Bierge , Meritxell Cubero , Oscar Q. Pich , Ana Requena-Méndez , C. Muñoz-Almagro , O. Gasch

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether long stays in non-European countries influence the composition, diversity, and dynamics of gut microbiota, considering the potential impact of travelling, close contact with new people, and consumption of water and food.

Methods

Two prospective cohorts were analyzed: (i) A longitudinal cohort comprising long-term travellers who provided fecal samples before and after their travels. (ii) A cohort consisting of long-term travellers and recently arrived migrants from non-European countries, which was compared with non-traveller controls. Each participant self-collected fecal samples and provided demographic and epidemiological data. Microbiota was characterized through 16 S rRNA gene sequencing.

Results

The longitudinal cohort comprised 17 subjects. A trend toward higher bacterial diversity was observed after travelling (Shannon index 3.12vs3.26). When comparing 84 travellers/migrants with 97 non-travellers, a confirmed association of higher diversity levels with travelling was observed (Phylogenetic diversity: 22.1vs20.9). Specific genera enriched in travellers' gut microbiota were identified, including Escherichia/Shigella, Bacteroides, and Parabacteroides. The analysis revealed three major clusters with profound differences in their bacterial composition, which exhibited differential distribution between travellers and non-travellers (Adonis P < 0.001; R2 = 30.6 %). Two clusters were more frequently observed in travellers: The first cluster, characterized by dominance of Escherichia/Shigella, exhibited the lowest levels of richness and diversity. The second cluster, dominated by Faecalibacterium and Bacteroides, displayed the highest richness and diversity patterns.

Conclusion

These findings highlight the diverse impact of international travel on gut microbiota composition and underscore the importance of considering microbiota resilience and diversity in understanding the health implications.

查看原文本刊更多论文

与国际旅行有关的人类肠道微生物群组成。

研究目的本研究的目的是评估在非欧洲国家的长期逗留是否会影响肠道微生物群的组成、多样性和动态，同时考虑旅行、与新朋友的密切接触以及水和食物摄入的潜在影响：分析了两个前瞻性队列：(i) 由长期旅行者组成的纵向队列，他们在旅行前后提供粪便样本。(ii) 由来自非欧洲国家的长期旅行者和新近抵达的移民组成的队列，与非旅行者对照组进行比较。每位参与者都自行采集了粪便样本，并提供了人口统计学和流行病学数据。通过 16S rRNA 基因测序确定了微生物群的特征：结果：纵向队列由 17 名受试者组成。观察到旅行后细菌多样性呈上升趋势（香农指数为 3.12vs3.26）。在对 84 名旅行者/移民和 97 名非旅行者进行比较时，发现旅行后细菌的多样性水平更高（系统发育多样性：22.1vs20.9）。在旅行者的肠道微生物群中发现了富集的特定菌属，包括埃希氏菌/志贺氏菌、乳杆菌和副乳杆菌。分析表明，三个主要菌群的细菌组成差异很大，在旅行者和非旅行者之间的分布情况也不尽相同（Adonis PConclusion）：这些发现凸显了国际旅行对肠道微生物群组成的不同影响，并强调了考虑微生物群复原力和多样性对理解健康影响的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-INFECTIOUS DISEASES

CiteScore

19.40

自引率

1.70%

发文量

211

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease Publication Scope: Publishes original papers, reviews, and consensus papers Primary theme: infectious disease in the context of travel medicine Focus Areas: Epidemiology and surveillance of travel-related illness Prevention and treatment of travel-associated infections Malaria prevention and treatment Travellers' diarrhoea Infections associated with mass gatherings Migration-related infections Vaccines and vaccine-preventable disease Global policy/regulations for disease prevention and control Practical clinical issues for travel and tropical medicine practitioners Coverage: Addresses areas of controversy and debate in travel medicine Aims to inform guidelines and policy pertinent to travel medicine and the prevention of infectious disease Publication Features: Offers a fast peer-review process Provides early online publication of accepted manuscripts Aims to publish cutting-edge papers